Research Article

Trends in the Use of Probiotics in Aquaculture of Bangladesh—Present State, Problems, and Prospects

Table 2

Commonly used probiotics with composition, concentrations, doses, and functions mentioned on the label of the packet.

Trade nameCompositionConcentrations (cfu/g)Doses (g/dec)Functions

PondcareBacillus subtills Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus polymyxa Bacillus pumillus Bacillus megaterium Bacillus coagulans Bacillus amyloliqefaciens2–4 × 1071–2Most effective and highest potency of facultative probiotics, reduce water hardness, increase DO, and control multiplication of plankton and reduce turbidity, no need to change pond water, Bacillus spp. is the food for zooplankton and aquatic larvae
Aspergillus niger Aspergillus oryzae1–2 × 107

SafegutNonantibiotic eco-friendly bioproduct, probiotics, vitamins and enzymes2Used as growth promoter

GPABacillus subtills
Lactobacillus spp.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Lipase
Protease
Amylase
3 × 1090.5Improves gut health, inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, prevents growth of detrimental microorganisms, helps in digestion of organic waste, improve survival and growth rate, reduce FCR, improve immunity of fish, shrimp, crab, etc.

PROFSBacillus subtills
Pediococcus
Enzyme: protease, lipase, amylase, bitagalactosilase, pectinases
1.5Increases the production of beneficial bacteria and inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, breakdown of complex components, fertility of water and soil, helps in digestion of organic waste, converts waste into micronutrients and reduce toxic gases, reduces turbidity

IKI–IKIBacillus subtills Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus amyloliqefaciens1 × 108 1 × 107 1 × 1071–2Prevents growth of detrimental microorganisms, enhance denitrification, breakdown of biological debris

GasonilBacillus Subtills
Bacillus licheniformis
Bacillus polymyxa
Bacillus megaterium
Bacillus coagulans
Yucca 30%
8 × 1091.5–2Prevents growth of detrimental microorganisms, used as growth promoter, increase disease resistance, prevent bacterial and viral disease of fish, remove stress and ammonia and act as a buffering agent to control pH, improve immunity of fish, shrimp and crab, etc.

Gasonex PlusBacillus subtills Bacillus megaterium Pseudomonas florecium
Nitrococcus sp. Thiothrix sp. Rhodospirilium sp.
1 × 109
8 × 108
1 × 109
4 × 108
6 × 108
8 × 108
0.8–1.6 with 4 g zeolite goldQuick removal of toxic gases from ponds, fast growth of fish and shrimp, keeps fish safe from suffocation, helps to remove black gill, blue gill and gulping of fish

Aqua-Star PondBacillus Subtilis Enterococcus faecium Thiobacillus denitrificans Paracoccus pantotrophus8 × 1072Enhance denitrification, breakdown of biological debris.

pH FixerVibrio maintain10Maintain optimum pond water quality and natural food, inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

Biozyme AquaBacillus polymyxa Bacillus pumillus Bacillus megaterium500g/100 kg feedImprove performance and prevent pathogenic, bacterial and viral disease of fish, improve survival and growth rate, reduce FCR

Eco MarineEnterococcus faecium Paracoccus pantotrophus Bacillus spp.2–3 tab/acreHelps in digestion of organic waste, converts waste into micronutrients and reduce toxic gases

Probio-Aqua LQRhodopseudomonas palustris25 ml/decIncreases the production of beneficial bacteria, inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, compatible with fresh and marine water, able to work in rainy season and cloudy conditions

Good EarthMicrobacter sp.
Rhodopseudomonas sp.
Saccharomyces sp.
1 × 107
1 × 107
Breakdown of biological detritus to provide nutrition, fertility of water and soil, Rhodopseudomonas sp. contains rich of nutrient such as protien, carotenoid, vitamin B.12, etc. Thus Rhodopseudomonas sp. is the food for zooplankton and aquatic larvae

NoxCareBacillus megaterium
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Bacillus subtilus
Bacillus licheniformis
Yucca extra (sarsaponin, reserveratol, yuccaols)
8 × 1041–1.5Acts as an ammonia reducer, increases digestibility and FCR of shrimp and fish, balances nutritional status in water

ProcidBacillus spp.
Lactobacillus spp.
Saccharomyces sp.
5g/kg feedAssists for molting, hardening of shrimp, develops immunity and early maturity of fish and shrimp, improves shiny appearance of scale, and inhibits the erosion of scale

BiosurfProbiotics
enzyme
5.5 × 1072.5–3Prevents diseases of fish and shrimp, enhance denitrification, breakdown of biological debris, reduces black soil from pond bottom, reduce toxic gases

ACI Yucca PlusYucca extract (saponin, glycocomponent)
Rhodopseudomonas spp.
Bacillus subtilis
3ml/decProtected the culture from the adverse effect of noxious gases, inhibits growth of harmful bacteria, reduces mortality and improves FCR of shrimp and fish, increases natural productivity of pond

Aqua PhotoRhodopseudomonas sp.
Bacillus subtilis
70ml/decRemoves noxious gases and increases water quality

Ariake 3Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Bacillus licheniformis
Bacillus pumilus
Starch
Calcium carbonate
1 × 1010
1 × 1011
1 × 1010
0.75Breakdown of complex components, inhabits the growth of harmful bacteria and fungus, improves survivability and growth of fish and shrimp

MI PlusBacillus subtilis1 × 10121.2Removes noxious gases, inhabits the growth of harmful bacteria, improves immunity and growth of fish and shrimp
Bacillus licheniformis1 × 1012
Bacillus megaterium1 × 1012
Bacillus pumilus1 × 1012
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens1 × 1012

Pond GuardBacillus subtilis Bacillus licheniformis Nitrosomonas spp. Nitrobacter spp. Aerobactor spp. Zeolite
Yucca extract
70–80Inhabits growth of pathogenic bacteria, improves digestibility and FCR of shrimp and fish, and removes noxious gases, equilibrium conditions of pH level

Pond LifeBacillus subtilis2 × 108100Removes noxious gases, inhabits growth of pathogenic bacteria, improves growth of shrimp and fish through the enrichment of plankton, increases oxygen production
Bacillus licheniformis
Nitrosomonas spp.
2 × 108
2 × 108
Nitrobacter spp.2 × 108
Rhodococcus2 × 108
Zeolite

ACI Fish PremixVitamin, minerals, probiotics, growth promotant, and attractant1 g/kg feedIncrease body length and body weight very rapidly, increase reproduction capability, increase disease prevention capability, improve FCR, improve immunity

GP Fish GelProbiotics, amino acid, growth promoter, multiprotein, fish oil, taste enhancer, liquid glucose, vitamin10 ml/kg feedFaster growth rate, digestibility, new cell formation, reduces FCR and develops shiny appearances of fish, acts as a stress reducer and instant energy supplier

NAVIO PlusBacillus subtilis Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus megaterium Lactobacillus acidophilis Lactobacillus plantarum Yeast1 × 1094–5g/kg feedEnhances water quality, stun the growth of pathogenic bacteria in gut of fish and shrimp, improves growth and FCR

Power LacLactobacillus lactis1 × 10113–5 g/kg feedIncreases immunity; reduces stress; increases survivability, growth and digestibility of fish and shrimp; improves FCR

EnzimaxProbiotics
enzyme
0.25–0.5Improves FCR and digestibility, increases growth and immunity, improves functionality of beneficial bacteria

Maxilyte-PBacillus subtilis Bacillus licheniformis Nitrosomonas spp. Nitrobacter spp. Aerobacter spp. Hydrogen sodium calcium aluminosilicate40Removes bad odor from water and soil, equilibrium conditions of pH level, removes noxious gases, improves growth of beneficial plankton, enriches DO of water, and reduces mortality of fish and shrimp

Promaz AquaProbiotics and enzymes1.6–2.4Removes noxious gases, enriches DO of water, improves growth of beneficial plankton, removes bad odor from water and soil

Aquavit PlusProbiotics
Vitamin
Mineral
Amino acid
1–2 g/kg feedReduces mortality and improves production of fish and shrimp, improves functionality of beneficial bacteria and reduces density of harmful bacteria, increases immunity, increases capability of shrimp for molting, increases fecundity of fish and hatchability of fertilized eggs, improves FCR and shiny appearance of fish and shrimp

FEPROMIXBacillus subtilis
Saccharomyces spp.
Lactobacillus spp.
Bifidobacterium spp.
Streptococcus spp.
2 × 1092–2.5 g/kg
feed
Inhabits the growth of harmful bacteria, creates the favorable condition of beneficial bacteria in the gut, improves FCR and growth of fish and shrimp. Increases immunity and digestibility and reduces mortality of fish and shrimp

DYNABLEDBacillus subtilis
Bacillus licheniformis
Bacillus megaterium
Bacillus mesentricus
Nitrosomonas spp.
Nitrobacter spp.
Aerobacter spp.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces boulardi
Enzymes (protease, xylanase, lipase, betaglucanase, amylase and cellulase), yucca extract (30%)
2 × 1092Removes noxious gases and bad odor from water and soil, inhabits the growth of harmful bacteria, increases digestibility and growth of fish and shrimp, breakdown of biological debris

Pondlight ProBacillus subtilis
Bacillus licheniformis
Bacillus polymyxa
Silicon dioxide
Aluminum oxide
Ferric oxide
Calcium oxide
2 × 108
2 × 108
2 × 108
75–85%
5–10%
0.5–1%
2–4%
32–40Maintains equilibrium conditions of pH level, improves the conditions of water and soil, removes noxious gases and bad odor from water and soil, increases the productivity of pond

PLANKTO- GROWBacillus spp.
Nitrosomonas spp.
Nitrobacter spp.
1.875 × 1080.16Removes noxious gases and bad odor from water and soil, inhabits the growth of harmful bacteria and increases the phytoplankton productivity of pond, converts nitrogenous substances into protein

pH CareBacillus licheniformis12 × 1095–7Maintain equilibrium conditions of pH level, removes toxic gases, increases functionality, and load of beneficial bacteria, retains natural color of water, increases phytoplankton production

AQUA 4Probiotics Rhodopseudomonas spp. zeolite1 × 106 1 × 1075–6Creation of favorable conditions in the water body, breakdown of complex components

EcorichZeolite, probiotics, yucca60–90Increases the production of plankton, balances soil and water pH, inhibits the growth of harmful microorganisms, reduce toxic gases

BiopondProbiotics, zeolite, minerals1 × 10715–20Reduce toxic gases, enhance denitrification, breakdown of biological detritus

BiogrowProbiotics, prebiotic, vitamin, minerals5 × 101120–30Increases the production of plankton, supplies of available vitamin and minerals for fish and shrimp

NutrigelVitamin
Minerals
Probiotics
5–10 ml/kg feedActs as a mixer with drug and other ingredients, helps for quick growth of fish, increases functionality of feed

Square AquamixVitamin, mineral, amino acid, prebiotic1g/kg feedImproves growth, survivability, resistance against diseases, improves spawning performances, FCR, yield, molting, and postmolting performance of shrimp

BiomaxMaximum consortium of probiotics biofixed on a calcareous matrix.12–16Clean pond bottom, prevents formation of noxious gases like ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc., maintains proper plankton bloom, builds ideal water and soil parameters for aquaculture, promotes excellent growth rate, and improved yield

GastrapLactic acid bacillus3 × 10100.2Adsorbs the noxious gases from the pond bottom, contains active bioscavengers, deodorizes, and purifies the pond environment, protected the culture from the adverse effect of noxious gases, provides ample oxygen, improves the yield of a high-density stocking
Bacillus subtillis3 × 109
Saccharomyces cereviceae2.5 × 1010
Xylanase, amylase, protease, cellulase, hemicellulase, phytase, betaglucanase, lipase aminonitrogen in a fortified base