Hybrid PSf/TNT-SO₃H Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling by Sodium Alginate: Effect of Permeation Flux on Fouling Resistance and Desalination Efficiency

Table 1

The composition of casting solutions for the preparation of hybrid ultrafiltration membranes.

Membrane	PSf (wt.%)	TNTs-SO3H (wt.%)	NMP (wt.%)
M-0	18	0	82
M-1	18	1	81.98
M-2	18	2	81.96
M-5	18	5	81.91
M-10	18	10	81.82

The percentage of TNTs-SO₃H is based on the total fraction of the PSf polymer in the casting solution.