[Retracted] Investigation on Efficient Removal of Fluoride from Ground Water Using Activated Carbon Adsorbents
Table 3
Adsorbent concentration and contact time for treating groundwater.
Adsorbent
Adsorbent concentration (g/100 ml)
Contact time
Final fluoride concentration (ppm)
Removal efficiency (%)
Neem powder
1
1 hour
0.96
44.18
Rice husk powder
0.2
10 minutes
0.92
46.51
Coconut husk
0.2
30 minutes
0.98
43.02
Coconut shell charcoal
0.6
10 minutes
0.98
43.02
Neem stem charcoal
It cannot be used for treating this groundwater as the fluoride content goes below 1 ppm (according to bis, fluoride content in water should be 1 ppm).
