Research Article
Concentrations of Lead in Groundwater and Human Blood in the Population of Palosai, a Rural Area in Pakistan: Human Exposure and Risk Assessment
Table 2
Mean concentrations of chemical parameters in the groundwater samples.
| | Parameters | Tube wells | Wells | Pak-EPAa | | Ranges | Mean values | Ranges | Mean values |
| | Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) | 75.3-165.65 | 120.11 | 128-191.45 | 157.13 | 500 | | TDS (mg/L) | 290-586 | 380.75 | 230-428 | 291.4 | 1000 | | Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) | 132.8-471 | 273.9 | 216-300.4 | 256.88 | 500 | | Chloride (mg/L) | 13.96-38.75 | 21.18 | 9.7-23.96 | 15.99 | 250 | | Sulphate (mg/L) | 45-117 | 76.38 | 45-130 | 76.4 | 1000 |
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aPakistan Environmental Protection Agency (2008).
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