[Retracted] Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye from Aqueous Solution using Industrial Pepper Seed Spent: Equilibrium, Thermodynamic, and Kinetic Studies

Table 3

Nonlinear modes of kinetic models.

Pseudo-first order	h0 = k1qe
Pseudo-second order	h0 = k2qe^2
Avrami
Film diffusion model
Weber- Morris model
Dumwald-Wagner diffusion model

Where is the rate constant for the pseudo-first-order adsorption; is the rate constant for the pseudo-second-order adsorption; is the initial adsorption rate; and are the Avrami constants; is the liquid film diffusion constant; is the diffusion rate constant; and is the rate constant of adsorption.