New Aspects in the Differential Diagnosis and Therapy of Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis

Figure 5

HCG-beta (beta-2 epitope) immunoreactivity in urothelium. (a) Control bladder from a 36-year-old woman, gynecologic tumor, no bladder carcinoma; (c) BPS/IC bladder of a 53-year-old woman showing extreme upregulation of HCG-beta; bar in (a) applies to (a and b); (c) Quantitative analysis revealed significant differences between female controls (𝑛=5) and female BPS/IC (𝑛=10) patients (Mann-Whitney test, 𝑃<0.05).

(a)

(b)

(c)