Correlation of Renal Scarring to Urinary Tract Infections and Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children

Table 3

Univariate and multivariate analysis to evaluate the possible independent predictors of renal scarring

Parameter	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	CI	value	HR	CI	value
Age at presentation	0.67	0.29–1.09	0.22	—	—	—
Gender	0.89	0.65–1.22	0.46	—	—	—
Laterality	0.81	0.6–1.02	0.07	1.313	0.97–1.78	0.12
Side	1.67	0.94–2.4	0.09	1.61	0.74–3.53	0.22
Presentation
FUTI	1	—	0.03	1	—	0.09
Afebrile UTI	0.73	0.49–0.97	0.04	0.72	0.23–2.25	0.17
AHN	0.18	0.05–0.31	0.012	0.26	0.002–2.99	0.15
SFU grade
Grade 0	0.75	0.01–1.49	0.6	—	—	—
Grade 1 and 2	1.2	0.94–1.45	0.56
Grade 3 and 4	1	—	0.42
VUR grade
Grade 1and 2	0.27	0.12–0.43	0.01	0.39	0.19–0.95	0.04
Grade 3	0.69	0.43–95	0.03	0.66	0.29–1.03	0.14
Grade 4 and 5	1	—	0.005	1	—	0.02
Recurrent UTI	2.65	2.15–3.15	0.002	1.43	1.03–1.83	0.03

FUTI: febrile urinary tract infections, AHN: antenatal hydronephrosis, SFU: society of fetal urology.