Viral Etiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations during the A/H1N1pdm09 Pandemic and Postpandemic Period
Table 2
Number and percentage of positives, negatives, gender distribution, average age, and pathogens affecting AE-COPD patients during the entire period and in each separate influenza period included in the study.
Whole period studied
Pandemic
INEP1
FLUEP1
INEP2
FLUEP2
INEP3
2010
2010-11
2011
2011-12
2012
AE-COPD cases
195
124
0
40
4
25
2
Mean Age (SD)
63.9 (13.1)
62.7 (13.1)
0 (0)
61.1 (14.2)
66.5 (2.1)
67.9 (12.6)
69.5 (2.1)
Males (%)
136 (69.7)
85 (68.6)
0 (0)
25 (62.5)
2 (50)
22 (88.0)
2 (100)
Negatives (%)
100 (51.3)
65 (52.4)
0 (0)
20 (50)
4 (100)
9 (36.0)
2 (100)
Positives (%)
95 (48.7)
59 (47.6)
0 (0)
20 (50)
0 (0)
16 (64.0)
0 (0)
Pathogen most represented
H1N1pdm09
H1N1pdm09
N/A
H1N1pdm09/RSV
N/A
H3N2
N/A
H1N1pdm09 (%)
41 (21.0)
35 (28.2)
0 (0)
6 (15.0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
H3N2 (%)
11 (5.6)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
11 (44.0)
0 (0)
Influenza B (%)
1 (0.5)
0 (0)
0 (0)
1 (2.5)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
HREV (%)
24 (12.3)
14 (11.3)
0 (0)
5 (12.5)
0 (0)
5 (20.0)
0 (0)
RSV (%)
13 (6.7)
4 (3.2)
0 (0)
6 (15.0)
0 (0)
3 (12.0)
0 (0)
ORP (%)
12 (6.2)
6 (4.8)
0 (0)
3 (7.5)
0 (0)
3 (12.0)
0 (0)
Coinfections (%)
5 (2.6)
0 (0)
0 (0)
1 (2.5)
0 (0)
4 (16.0)
0 (0)
N/A: data not available; HREV: human rhino/enterovirus; ORP: other respiratory pathogens; I: influenza interepidemic period; E: influenza epidemic period.
