[Retracted] Diagnostic Accuracy of Procalcitonin for Bacterial Infection in Liver Failure: A Meta-Analysis
Table 1
Characteristics of the six included studies.
Author
Year
Mean age (year)
Etiology
Diagnosis of liver failure
Site of infection
Cutoff (ng/mL)
n
Prevalence (%)
TP
FP
FN
TN
Sensitivity (95% CI)
Specificity (95% CI)
Yuan et al.
2013
56
Chronic severe hepatitis B
PTA < 40%
Sepsis
0.48
84
50
16
6
8
51
0.95 [0.84–0.99]
0.79 [0.63–0.90]
Rule et al.
2015
41
Acute liver failure
PT > 15 seconds or INR ≥ 1.5 IU + HE within 26 weeks
Sepsis
1.62
115
49
87
8
7
27
0.64 [0.50–0.77]
0.63 [0.49–0.75]
Qu et al.
2016
44
ACLF
TB ≥ 5 mg/dL + INR ≥ 1.5 + ascites and/or HE within 4 weeks
Bacterial infection
0.61
120
57
65
15
3
37
0.96 [0.88–0.99]
0.71 [0.57–0.83]
Zhang et al.
2018
59
ACLF
EASL criteria
0.57
50
74
27
0
10
13
0.73 [0.56–0.86]
1.00 [0.75–1.00]
Chen et al.
2020
47
ACLF
TB ≥ 5 mg/dL + INR ≥ 1.5 + ascites and/or HE within 4 weeks
Sepsis
0.765
143
66
52
9
42
40
0.55 [0.45–0.66]
0.82 [0.68–0.91]
Lin et al.
2020
52
ACLF
TB ≥ 5 mg/dL + INR ≥ 1.5 + ascites and/or HE within 4 weeks
1.01
386
44
72
46
97
171
0.43 [0.35–0.50]
0.79 [0.73–0.84]
HE: hepatic encephalopathy; TB: total bilirubin; ACLF: acute-on-chronic liver failure; EASL criteria: (1) patients with single kidney failure, (2) patients with single failure of the liver, coagulation, circulation, or respiration who had a serum creatinine level ranging from 1.5 to 1.9 mg/dL and/or mild to moderate hepatic encephalopathy, and (3) patients with single cerebral failure who had a serum creatinine level ranging from 1.5 to 1.9 mg/dL.
