TiO₂ Nanocoatings with Controllable Crystal Type and Nanoscale Topography on Zirconia Implants to Accelerate Bone Formation

Figure 1

(a) Surface morphology assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at different magnifications and (b) white light interferometry (WLI). (c) Water contact angle measurements on different samples.

(a)

(b)

(c)