Xanthan Gum as an Adjuvant in a Subunit Vaccine Preparation against Leptospirosis
Figure 2
Cytotoxicity of the aqueous xanthan solution. (a) The effect of different concentrations of aqueous xanthan solutions on the inhibition of CHO cells was determined using an MTT assay. The inhibition rate was related to the negative control (DMEM+FBS). Cells were treated with sodium hypochlorite 2% as positive control. The data are expressed as the means ± SEM. (b) After 48 h, the results from the apoptosis assay are shown after flow cytometry and annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining of CHO cells treated with 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0% xanthan solutions and the control groups. The viable cells are in the lower left quadrant, the early apoptotic cells are in the lower right quadrant, the late apoptotic cells, are in the upper right quadrant and the nuclear debris is shown in the upper left quadrant. The numbers indicate the percentage of cells in each quadrant.
