Applications and Implications of Heparin and Protamine in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Figure 3

Fragmin/protamine repurposing expedited progress of pharmacology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Repositioning of F/P paved the way to a time and cost-effective drug rediscovery while their applications of F/P in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine resulted in cell culture systems; modified cell growth and differentiation; efficient protein, cell, and DNA delivery; and enhanced microencapsulation techniques, neovascularization, and regeneration of tissues/organs.