Determinants of Noninvasive Ventilation Outcomes during an Episode of Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Effects of Comorbidities and Causes of Respiratory Failure

Table 2

Causes of acute respiratory failure.

	42 NIV-failure	134 NIV-success	𝑃 value
Pneumonia	20	29	0.002
Congestive heart failure	39	116	0.414
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema	16	48	0.855
Pulmonary embolism	2	3	0.594
Pneumothorax	3	7	0.704