How to Choose In Vitro Systems to Predict In Vivo Drug Clearance: A System Pharmacology Perspective

Table 1

Drug set.

Drug	Expression systems	In vivo clearance; (L/h)	References
Caffeine	Baculovirus	5.88	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Melatonin	Baculovirus	57.96	Mallo et al. (1990) [33]
Tacrine	Yeast	235.2	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Theophylline (1,3-DMX)	E. coli and lymphoblastoid	3.612	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Bupropion	Baculovirus	5.415	Lei et al. (2010) [34], Hill et al. (2007) [35]
Efavirenz	Baculovirus	5.483	Gengiah et al. (2012) [36], Chiappetta et al. (2010) [37]
Repaglinide	Baculovirus	32.76	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Paclitaxel	Baculovirus	26.88	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
(R)-Warfarin	Baculovirus, E. coli, and lymphoblastoid	0.231	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Phenytoin	Baculovirus and lymphoblastoid	3.906	Hayes et al. (1975) [38]
Celecoxib	Lymphoblastoid and yeast	21.05	Drug Bank [39], Paulson et al. (2001) [40]
Clobazam	Baculovirus	2.49	Drug Bank [39]
(R)-Lansoprazole (dexlansoprazole)	Baculovirus	18.48	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
(R)-Omeprazole	Baculovirus and lymphoblastoid	35.28	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Atomoxetine	Baculovirus	15.435	Drug Bank [39]
Dextromethorphan	Baculovirus, E. coli, yeast, and lymphoblastoid	40.59	Moghadamnia et al. (2003) [41], Kukanich and Papich (2004) [42]
Metoprolol	Lymphoblastoid	54.6	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Perphenazine	Baculovirus	113.4	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Tolterodine	Baculovirus	10.5	Brynne et al. (1997) [43]
Venlafaxine	Lymphoblastoid and yeast	40.95	Drug Bank [39]
Alfentanil	Baculovirus	16.38	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Astemizole	Yeast	82.6	Lefebvre et al. (1997) [44]
Cisapride	Baculovirus	14.20	Lowry et al. (2003) [45]
Cyclosporine	Baculovirus	31.5	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Felodipine	Baculovirus and lymphoblastoid	46.2	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Indinavir	Baculovirus	75.6	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Maraviroc	Baculovirus	44	Abel et al (2008) [46]
Midazolam	Baculovirus, E. coli, and lymphoblastoid	22.26	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Pimozide	Baculovirus	0.042	Desta et al. (1999) [47]
Quinidine	Lymphoblastoid	16.8	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Sildenafil	Baculovirus	38.22	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Sirolimus	Baculovirus	2.73	Brattstram et al. (2000) [48]
Tacrolimus	Baculovirus	4.63	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Triazolam	Baculovirus and lymphoblastoid	12.6	Obach et al. (2008) [32]
Vardenafil	Baculovirus	54.6	Obach et al. (2008) [32]