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| Genes or proteins | Results | Regimens | Reference |
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| TS, DPD, TP, ERCC1, ERCC4, KU80, GADD45A | Tumor TS expression level of ≤344.19 × 10−3 improved survival.
DPD expression level of ≤7.49 × 10−3 was associated with patient response and prolonged survival.
Elevated expression of TP and/or GADD45A was associated with zero response and poor survival. | 5-FU and cisplatin | Napieralski et al. [33] |
| 15-PGDH | High levels of 15-PGDH expression were associated with better survival. | FOLFOX6 | Hu et al. [34] |
Foxp3 Tregs
dendritic cell | Infiltration of Foxp3 Tregs and dendritic cells served as useful prognostic biomarkers for AGC treated with FOLFOX6 regimen preoperatively. | FOLFOX6 | Hu et al. [35] |
| B7-H4 | In the preoperative chemotherapy group, patients with low B7-H4 expression had longer overall survival. | FOLFOX6 | Maskey et al. [36] |
| HER2, P53 | HER2 and P53 were predictors of efficacy inmFOLFOX7 preoperative chemotherapy. | mFOLFOX7 | Qu et al. [37] |
| P53 | Positive P53 immunostaining and P53 mutation in tumors before preoperative chemotherapy might serve as molecular predictors of response in patients with advanced GC treated with preoperative chemotherapy. | etoposide, cisplatin, mitomycin | Bataille et al. [38] |
| MMR | Mismatch repair deficiency predicted favorable prognosis via immune response activation in patients with metastatic GC treated with preoperative platinum-based chemotherapy. | Platinum-based | Giampieri et al. [39] |
Tumor regression
ERCC1 | Tumor regression and ERCC1 nuclear protein expression are promising predictive markers in gastroesophageal cancer treated with preoperative platinum-based chemotherapy. | platinum-based | Fareed et al. [40] |
| OCT2 | High expression of OCT2 might represent a potential predictor of response to preoperative chemotherapy with S-1/cisplatin in GC. | cisplatin-based (plus S-1 or paclitaxel) | Naka et al. [41] |
| BAK | BAK expression in GC predicts chemotherapeutic response and clinical prognosis in patients treated with preoperative docetaxel chemotherapy. | docetaxel, 5-FU, cisplatin | Kubo et al. [42] |
| FoxM1 | Overexpression of FoxM1 is a potential prognostic marker for enhanced chemoresistance to docetaxel in GC. | docetaxel, 5-FU, cisplatin, S-1 | Okada et al. [43] |
| 8 genes | Transcriptional expression of 8 genes predicts pathological response to docetaxel plus trastuzumab-based preoperative chemotherapy | docetaxel plus trastuzumab | Schmitt et al. [44] |
| MTHFP A1298C | MTHFP A1298C polymorphisms were associated with poor outcome and represent independent negative prognostic factors in preoperative chemotherapy. | NS | Blank et al. [45] |
| AI, KI, AI/KI | AI, KI, and AI/KI were associated with efficacy and prognosis of patients in the preoperative chemotherapy group. | NS | Wu et al. [46] |
| DAP-3 | Higher expression of DAP-3 was associated with better prognosis in GC patients in the preoperative chemotherapy group. | NS | Jia et al. [47] |
Lin 28
microRNA-107 | Lin28/microRNA-107 pathway was regulated by Lin28 in possible GC chemoresistance. | oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil | Teng et al. [48] |
CXCL12
CXCR4 | CXCR4 mRNA upregulation following preoperative chemotherapy in GC patients was directly related to response and negatively correlated with higher tumor stages with lymph and vein infiltration. | NS | Rubie et al. [49] |
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