Research Article

Effect of High-Irradiance Light-Curing on Micromechanical Properties of Resin Cements

Table 1

Resin-based materials used (manufacturers’ information).

Panavia F2.0 (TC)
Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc., Okayama, Japan
LOT-Nr: AU0119 (Paste A)/BG0054 (Paste B)
Paste/Paste

Type of resin-based materialDual-curing (self-etch) adhesive resin cement

Paste APaste B

Methacrylates% volume n.a./% weight n.a.% volume n.a./% weight n.a.

Type of methacrylates(i) 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)
(ii) Hydrophobic aromatic dimethacrylate
(iii) Hydrophobic & hydrophilic aliphatic dimethacrylate
(i) Hydrophobic aromatic dimethacrylate
(ii) Hydrophobic & hydrophilic aliphatic dimethacrylate

Initiators, stabilizers, and pigments
Type of initiators
% volume n.a./% weight n.a.
(i) dl-Camphorquinone
% volume n.a./% weight n.a.
n.a.

Filler(i) Silanated silica
(ii) Silanated colloidal silica
(i) Silanated barium glass
(ii) Surface treated sodium fluoride

Filler particle size(i) Total filler content: 59% volume
0.04–19 μm

RelyX Unicem 2 Automix (A3O)LOT-Nr: 610318
3M ESPE, Neuss, GermanyPaste/Paste (Automix)

Type of resin-based materialDual-curing, self-adhesive resin cement

BaseCatalyst

Methacrylates% volume n.a./% weight n.a.% volume n.a./% weight n.a.

Type of methacrylates(i) Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA)
(ii) Methacrylate monomers
(iii) Methacrylates with phosphoric acid groups
(i) Methacrylate monomers

Initiators, stabilizers, and pigments% volume n.a./% weight n.a.
Type of initiators(i) Camphorquinone

Filler(i) Glass powder
(ii) Silane treated silica
(i) Silane treated glass
(ii) Silane treated silica

Filler particle size(i) Total filler content: 43% volume
90%12.5 μm

SpeedCEM Plus (Yellow)LOT-Nr: U51719
Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, LiechtensteinPaste/Paste (Automix)

Type of resin-based materialSelf-adhesive, self-curing resin cement with light-curing option

BaseCatalyst

Methacrylates
% volume n.a./% weight n.a.% volume n.a./% weight n.a.

Type of methacrylates(i) Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA)
(ii) TEGDMA
(iii) Polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEG-DMA)
(iv) Methacrylated phosphoric acid ester
(v) 1, 10-Decandiol dimethacrylate, copolymers

Initiators, stabilizers, and pigments
Type of initiators
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Dibenzoyl peroxide

Filler% volume n.a./% weight n.a.
(i) Ytterbium trifluoride
(ii) Barium glass
(iii) Silicon dioxide

Filler particle size(i) Total filler content: ~45% volume
0.1–7 μm (mean: 5 μm)

Filtek Supreme XTE Flowable Restorative (A3)
3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA
LOT-Nr: N761493
Paste

Type of resin-based materialLight-curing, flowable resin composite

Methacrylates% volume n.a./% weight n.a.

Type of methacrylates(i) Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA)
(ii) TEGDMA
(iii) Procrylat resins

Initiators, stabilizers, and pigments% volume n.a./% weight n.a
Type of initiators(i) Benzotriazol
(ii) Ethyl-4-dimethyl aminobenzoate
(iii) Camphorquinone
(iv) Diphenyliodinium hexafluorophosphate

Filler(i) Total filler content: ~46% volume/~65% weight

Filler particle size
(i) Ytterbium trifluoride (0.1–5 μm)
(ii) Nonagglomerated/-aggregated surface modified 20 & 75 nm silica
(iii) Modified aggregated zirconia (4–11 nm)/silica (20 nm) cluster (average cluster particle size: 0.6–10 μm)

n.a. = not applicable (no further/detailed information of manufacturer available).