Update on Mechanisms of Renal Tubule Injury Caused by Advanced Glycation End Products

Figure 5

Effects of CML, anti-RAGE antibody, and an ERS inhibitor on mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78 and CHOP in HK-2 cells. After incubation with CML, CML plus anti-RAGE antibody, CML plus 4-PBA, or 4-PBA alone for 24 h, the mRNA levels of the HK-2 cells were determined with a real-time RT-PCR assay as described in Section 2. GAPDH served as a reference gene. The results represent the means ± SD from 3 experiments (a). The protein level was examined via Western blot analysis after cells were incubated with CML or CML plus anti-RAGE antibody. The histogram represents the means ± SD of the densitometric scans for proteins from 3 experiments, normalized by comparison with β-actin and expressed as a percentage of the control (b). The protein level was examined via Western blot analysis after cells were incubated with CML, CML plus 4-PBA, or 4-PBA alone. The histogram represents the means ± SD of the densitometric scans for proteins from 3 experiments, normalized by comparison with β-actin and expressed as a percentage of the control (c). , compared with the Ctr; , compared with CML.

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(b)

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