Genetic Polymorphism of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Overall analysis between ACE insertion/deletionpolymorphism and susceptibility to COPD.

Comparisons	Population	Heterogeneity		Model	OR	95% CI		Egger’
		D/D versus I/I	All						0.005	58.855	Random	1.299	0.840−2.010	0.240	0.612
Asian	0.358		6.964	Fixed	3.126	1.919−5.093	<0.001	0.740
Caucasian	0.731		<0.001	Fixed	0.852	0.619−1.172	0.325	0.209
I/D versus I/I	All	0.846	<0.001	Fixed	0.904	0.714−1.145	0.404	0.368
	Asian	0.384	1.692	Fixed	0.956	0.624−1.466	0.838	0.249
	Caucasian	0.862	<0.001	Fixed	0.882	0.664−1.172	0.386	0.800
D versus I	All	0.001	66.564	Random	1.167	0.915−1.489	0.213	0.511
	Asian	0.156	42.596	Fixed	1.887	1.468−2.427	<0.001	0.861
	Caucasian	0.574	<0.001	Fixed	0.926	0.790−1.086	0.347	0.222
D/D + I/D versus I/I	All	0.509	<0.001	Fixed	1.040	0.835−1.295	0.728	0.451
	Asian	0.412	<0.001	Fixed	1.500	1.018−2.210	0.040	0.567
	Caucasian	0.941	<0.001	Fixed	0.874	0.670−1.141	0.323	0.602
D/D versus I/D + I/I	All	<0.001	72.535	Random	1.364	0.888−2.093	0.156	0.624
	Asian	0.203	3.835	Fixed	3.326	2.190−5.050	<0.001	0.347
	Caucasian	0.229	25.041	Random	0.955	0.710−1.286	0.764	0.278

COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; I/I: insertion/insertion genotype; I/D: insertion/deletion genotype; D/D: deletion/deletion genotype.