Beneficial Effects of 6-Month Supplementation with Omega-3 Acids on Selected Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 1–3

Table 1

Characteristics of the studied group of patients with CKD and the reference group at baseline and after supplementation with omega-3 acid.

Parameter	Reference		vs	CKD		versus
	Baseline	Postintervention		Baseline	Postintervention
Gender
Women/men	18/9	18/9		40/47	40/47
BMI (kg/m^2)				27.2 ± 3.9
Waist circumference (cm)
Hip circumference  (cm)
Creatinine (mg/dl)	0.75 ± 0.20	0.82 ± 0.21
eGFR CKD-EPI  (ml/min/1.73 m^2)	96.3 ± 14.8	89.9 ± 14.9
ALA (mg/100 ml)	1.52 (1.17; 2.11)	2.48 (2.06; 3.38)		1.8 (1.11; 2.64)	3.0 (2.24; 3.96)
EPA (mg/100 ml)				7.6 ± 3.83
DHA (mg/100 ml)	8.21 ± 4.67	8.31 ± 3.36		9.09 ± 4.48
CRP (mg/l)	0.42 (0.15; 1.99)	0.48 (0.16; 1.30)		1.03 (0.25; 2.73)	1.17 (0.40; 2.99)
WBC (10^3/µl)
MCP-1 serum  (pg/dl)
MCP-1 urinary excretion (ng/24 h)	324.8 (235.7; 418.7)	208.7 (99.9; 311.5)		427.1 (284.8; 645.1)	299.7 (155.9; 467.3)
MCP-1 urinary excretion (ng)/creatinine urinary excretion (mg)	0.411 (0.276; 0.775)	0.186 (0.106; 0.322)		0.514 (0.315; 0.817)	0.338 (0.201; 0.606)

ALA: alpha-linolenic acid; BMI: body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; MCP-1 serum: monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in serum; MCP-1 urinary excretion: 24-hour urinary excretion of monocyte chemotactic protein 1; WBC: white blood cells. MCP-1 urinary excretion/creatinine urinary excretion of creatinine: monocyte chemotactic protein 1 excretion with urine was expressed in ng per 1 mg of creatinine in urine.