Serum Cytokine Profile in Relation to the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
Table 1
Clinical characteristics and serum cytokine levels of patients in each group.
CAD
P
Control
SAP
UAP
AMI
Clinical characteristics
Age (years)
60.65 ± 9.84
63.16 ± 10.63
64.60 ± 8.81
64.56 ± 14.34
0.237
Male gender, (%)
32 (61.50)
32 (71.10)
34 (68.00)
39 (72.20)
0.650
Hypertension, (%)
25 (48.10)
27 (60.00)
25 (50.00)
29 (53.70)
0.665
Hyperlipidemia, (%)
6 (11.50)
3 (6.70)
5 (10.00)
4 (7.40)
0.816
Diabetes, (%)
14 (26.90)
16 (35.60)
18 (36.00)
15 (27.80)
0.645
Smoking, (%)
11 (21.20)
11 (24.40)
10 (20.00)
7 (13.00)
0.517
BMI (kg/m2)
24.63 ± 1.61
24.85 ± 1.71
24.93 ± 1.78
25.12 ± 2.18
0.656
FPG (mmol/L)
5.19 ± 0.94
6.23 ± 1.8
5.92 ± 1.9
6.01 ± 1.9
0.016
Creatinine (μmol/L)
67.92 ± 18.96
69.15 ± 19.56
69.24 ± 16.98
72.77 ± 13.79
0.513
Triglyceride (mmol/L)
1.27 ± 0.57
1.56 ± 0.99
1.27 ± 0.57
1.34 ± 0.98
0.135
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
4.24 ± 0.95
3.92 ± 1.03
4.24 ± 0.89
4.32 ± 1.00
0.179
HDL-C (mmol/L)
1.12 ± 0.25
1.03 ± 0.25
1.08 ± 0.29
1.03 ± 0.22
0.251
LDL-C (mmol/L)
2.76 ± 0.74
2.49 ± 0.75
2.63 ± 0.73
2.80 ± 0.72
0.153
Fibrinogen (g/L)
2.50 ± 0.48
2.70 ± 0.61
2.68 ± 0.48
3.69 ± 1.1
<0.01
Hs-CRP (mg/L)
0.93 ± 0.58
1.94 ± 1.56
2.09 ± 1.74
21.16 ± 8.7
<0.01
Ejection fraction (%)
65.40 (62.55–66.88)
64.40 (62.10–66.40)
65.05 (62.95–67.43)
62.10 (55.90–64.78
<0.01
Serum cytokines
IFN-γ (pg/mL)
2.20 (1.44–3.42)
2.68 (1.30–3.37)
3.55 (2.32–4.91
7.54 (3.71–10.17
<0.01
TNF-α (pg/mL)
2.16 (1.30–4.11)
3.68 (2.24–6.00
6.00 (2.35–8.12
6.09 (3.14–8.57
<0.01
IL-2 (pg/mL)
2.55 (0.00–5.28)
1.43 (0.00–8.30)
1.28 (0.00–9.63)
1.95 (0.00–12.26)
0.413
IL-4 (pg/mL)
6.39 (4.28–8.14)
6.36 (3.13–8.25)
5.54 (3.12–8.11)
3.78 (2.68–6.36
<0.01
IL-6 (pg/mL)
6.99 (4.87–11.42)
14.13 (5.37–21.98
17.17 (9.52–25.16
22.16 (10.83–40.89
<0.01
IL-9 (pg/mL)
30.66 (22.62–42.99)
36.54 (28.00–62.85)
64.65 (47.72–88.55
70.96 (48.56–93.88
<0.01
IL-10 (pg/mL)
4.20 (2.06–5.38)
4.85 (2.16–7.43)
5.49 (1.28–8.46)
5.89 (1.71–8.62)
0.173
IL-17 (pg/mL)
2.65 (2.12–4.57)
3.45 (2.25–6.22)
4.33 (2.52–8.10
7.65 (3.86–12.23
<0.01
Values are expressed as percentages, mean ± SD, or median (25th–75th percentile). versus control; versus SAP; versus SAP; versus UAP; versus UAP. SAP: stable angina pectoris; UAP: unstable angina pectoris; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; BMI: Body Mass Index; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Hs-CRP: high sensitive C-reactive protein.
