Plumbagin Alleviates Capillarization of Hepatic Sinusoids In Vitro by Downregulating ET-1, VEGF, LN, and Type IV Collagen

Figure 1

Plumbagin returned fenestrae loss in vitro study: the numbers and diameter of fenestrae were detected by scanning electron microscope examination. (a) Control group had large numbers of open fenestrae with 1.83–2.13 diameter. (b) There were no open fenestrae in the leptin-stimulated group. (c) Plumbagin with 2 μmol/L increased the size and numbers of open fenestrae. The biggest size of open fenestrae in 2 μmol/L plumbagin group was 0.77 μm. (d) Plumbagin with 15 μmol/L markedly increased the size (1.01–1.73 μm) and numbers of open fenestrae. The effects of 15 μmol/L plumbagin on increasing the size and numbers of open fenestrae were better than 2 μmol/L. Scale bar, 5 μm.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)