Preoperative C-Reactive Protein as a Risk Factor for Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery for Colon Carcinoma
Table 1
Pre-, intra-, and postoperative characteristics and plasma CRP levels in patients with or without POD.
Variables
POD
P value
Yes ()
No ()
Preoperative parameters
Age (year)
72.2 ± 5.8
69.4 ± 7.1
0.027
Gender, (%)
Male
23 (59.0%)
73 (60.3%)
Female
16 (41.0%)
48 (39.7%)
0.881
Education, (%)
high school
27 (69.2%)
71 (58.7%)
high school
12 (30.8%)
50 (41.3%)
0.239
BMI (kg/m2)
21.4 ± 3.3
22.0 ± 2.9
0.279
MCCI
1.6 ± 0.6
1.4 ± 0.5
0.041
MMSE score
25.1 ± 1.4
25.7 ± 1.6
0.038
Active smoker, (%)
9 (23.1%)
30 (24.8%)
0.828
Heavy drinker, (%)
10 (25.6%)
14 (11.6%)
0.032
ASA physical status, (%)
I-II
28 (71.8%)
80 (66.1%)
III-IV
11 (28.2%)
41 (33.9%)
0.510
Intraoperative characteristics
Operation time (min)
203.2 ± 42.1
182.6 ± 50.1
0.022
Anesthesia time (min)
239.7 ± 55.7
220.3 ± 51.1
0.045
Blood loss (ml)
230 (50–420)
220 (40–490)
0.785
Lymph node dissection
D2
16 (41.0%)
37 (30.6%)
D3
23 (59.0%)
84 (69.4%)
0.228
Operative approach
Multiport surgery
28 (71.8%)
63 (52.1%)
Single-port surgery
11 (28.2%)
58 (47.9%)
0.031
TNM classification
I-II
24 (61.5%)
69 (57.0%)
III-IV
15 (38.5%)
52 (43.0%)
0.619
Postoperative complications
Incision infection
11 (28.2%)
16 (13.2%)
0.030
Urinary tract infection
4 (10.3%)
15 (12.4%)
0.719
Pulmonary infection
9 (23.1%)
12 (9.9%)
0.034
Cardiovascular events
7 (17.9%)
7 (5.9%)
0.019
Bowel obstruction
6 (15.4%)
21 (17.4%)
0.775
Anastomotic leakage
2 (5.13%)
7 (5.8%)
0.877
Postoperative bleeding
3 (7.69%)
6 (5.0%)
0.519
Plasma CRP levels (mg/L)
Preoperatively
3.8 (0.1–38.5)
2.4 (0.1–44.2)
0.011
Postoperative day 1
48.7 ± 14.8
44.9 ± 16.2
0.196
Postoperative day 2
67.5 ± 20.1
59.7 ± 19.4
0.032
Postoperative day 3
75.1 ± 18.8
71.5 ± 21.4
0.349
POD, postoperative delirium; BMI, body mass index; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MCCI, Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CRP, C-reactive protein; P values were calculated by Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, Mann–Whitney -test, or Student’s -test appropriately. .
