Neurocardiology: Cardiovascular Changes and Specific Brain Region Infarcts

Figure 1

This figure shows that central and peripheral mechanism of the heart and brain interaction includes the clinical symptoms and ECG changes, but the effect of stellate ganglion or vagus and sympathetic nerves is not shown in this figure for an illustration. Of note, insular cortex, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and brainstem play an important role in interplay between the nervous system and the cardiovascular system.