Effect of Pregnancy on Quantitative Medication Use and Relation to Exacerbations in Asthma

Table 5

Comparison of outpatient clinic visits before, during, and after pregnancy, according to the study groups.

Exacerbation	Group	Before pregnancy	During pregnancy	After pregnancy
		Visits/month
		Mean ± sd	Mean ± sd	Mean ± sd
Total number of outpatient visits	Total	1.1267 ± 2.467	1.9067 ± 2.411	1.1998 ± 2.876	<0.0001
	Group 1	2.2038 ± 6.667	2.9278 ± 6.313	2.2594 ± 6.344	0.8767
	Group 2	1.9313 ± 4.51	2.3157 ± 4.86	1.8011 ± 4.387	0.2158
	Group 3	1.6899 ± 3.89	2.091 ± 4.54	1.3879 ± 4.19	0.3454
	Group 4	1.1287 ± 2.471	1.8867 ± 2.388	1.1576 ± 2.612	0.1345
Internal medicine	Total	0.4312 ± 1.934	0.2178 ± 1.813	0.4062 ± 1.864	<0.0001
	Group 1	1.0946 ± 5.412	1.0156 ± 5.167	1.1599 ± 5.678	0.3154
	Group 2	0.8176 ± 2.972	0.4467 ± 2.34	0.6678 ± 2.871	<0.0001
	Group 3	0.6479 ± 2.72	0.3196 ± 2.14	0.5137 ± 2.64	<0.0001
	Group 4	0.4579 ± 1.595	0.2189 ± 1.648	0.3846 ± 1.754	<0.0001
Obstetrics and gynecology	Total	0.2167 ± 1.534	1.4376 ± 3.034	0.2676 ± 1.76	<0.0001
	Group 1	0.3066 ± 2.879	1.4567 ± 5.166	0.2675 ± 2.433	<0.0001
	Group 2	0.2345 ± 1.872	1.4699 ± 3.84	0.2788 ± 2.103	<0.0001
	Group 3	0.2387 ± 1.878	1.4678 ± 3.416	0.2647 ± 2.037	<0.0001
	Group 4	0.2134 ± 1.16	1.4122 ± 2.768	0.2478 ± 1.652	<0.0001
General practitioner	Total	0.0016 ± 0.049	0.0012 ± 0.027	0.0019 ± 0.051	<0.0001
	Group 1	0.0213 ± 0.541	0.0027 ± 0.161	0.0008 ± 0.071	0.2134
	Group 2	0.0027 ± 0.073	0.0014 ± 0.054	0.0026 ± 0.067	0.0154
	Group 3	0.0024 ± 0.068	0.0019 ± 0.061	0.0022 ± 0.063	<0.0001
	Group 4	0.0017 ± 0.042	0.0015 ± 0.038	0.0019 ± 0.04	<0.0001
General surgery	Total	0.0307 ± 0.713	0.0208 ± 0.498	0.0312 ± 0.671	<0.0001
	Group 1	0.05 ± 0.78	0.017 ± 0.064	0.0421 ± 0.59	0.2783
	Group 2	0.0374 ± 0.201	0.0233 ± 0.068	0.0419 ± 0.204	<0.0001
	Group 3	0.0337 ± 0.179	0.0217 ± 0.22	0.0347 ± 0.483	<0.0001
	Group 4	0.0307 ± 0.462	0.0201 ± 0.216	0.0318 ± 0.475	<0.0001
Otolaryngology	Total	0.1678 ± 1.57	0.0617 ± 0.514	0.1248 ± 0.876	<0.0001
	Group 1	0.2097 ± 2.376	0.137 ± 1.164	0.1724 ± 1.311	0.1674
	Group 2	0.2648 ± 2.186	0.1301 ± 1.152	0.1924 ± 0.954	<0.0001
	Group 3	0.2467 ± 2.067	0.0846 ± 0.867	0.1154 ± 0.941	<0.0001
	Group 4	0.1597 ± 2.276	0.0678 ± 0.531	0.1038 ± 0.775	<0.0001
Family medicine	Total	0.0237 ± 0.872	0.0084 ± 0.103	0.0211 ± 0.612	<0.0001
	Group 1	0	0.017 ± 0.51	0.0005 ± 0.003	<0.0001
	Group 2	0.0357 ± 0.193	0.013 ± 0.167	0.0007 ± 0.008	<0.0001
	Group 3	0.0287 ± 0.178	0.0107 ± 0.158	0.0004 ± 0.005	<0.0001
	Group 4	0.0248 ± 0.387	0.0072 ± 0.113	0.0218 ± 0.412	<0.0001

value according to the multivariate analysis of variance.