Living Conditions and Helicobacter pylori in Adults

Table 3

Prevalence of H. pylori infection and hygiene conditions ( represents statistically significant values obtained in the present study).

	H. pylori positive	H. pylori negative	Total	Prevalence of H. pylori (%)	OR (95% CI)
Frequency of washing hands before going to the bathroom
Never	25	16	41	61.0
Rarely/sometimes	30	48	78	38.5	0.40 (0.18–0.87)	0.02
Almost always/always	26	21	47	55.3	0.79 (0.34–1.86)	0.59
Frequency of washing hands after going to the bathroom
Never	6	9	15	40.0
Rarely/sometimes	17	18	35	48.6	1.42 (0.42–4.83)	0.56
Almost always/always	58	58	116	50.0	1.50 (0.50–4.49)	0.47
Frequency of washing hands before meals
Never	7	8	15	46.7
Rarely/sometimes	38	34	72	52.8	1.28 (0.42–3.90)	0.66
Almost always/always	36	43	79	45.6	0.96 (0.32–2.89)	0.94
Frequency of washing hands before going to sleep
Never	13	11	24	54.2
Rarely/sometimes	27	33	60	45.0	0.69 (0.27–1.79)	0.45
Almost always/always	41	41	82	50.0	0.85 (0.34–2.11)	0.72
Has ever bitten their nails
Yes	28	25	53	51.5	1.27 (0.66–2.44)	0.48
No	53	60	113	44.4
Drinking water
Public network	24	33	57	42.1	0.91 (0.44–1.87)	0.79
Well	29	17	46	63.0	2.13 (1.00–4.64)	0.05
Bottled	28	35	63	44.4

Reference group.