Current Advances on the Important Roles of Enhancer RNAs in Gene Regulation and Cancer

Table 1

Enhancer RNAs in cancer and their fundamental characteristics.

Study	Cancer Type	Enhancer RNAs	Sample	Binding factors	Transcriptional orientation	Epigenetic characteristics
Li et al. (2013)	BC	TFF1, FOXC1, CA12, PGR; SIAH2, KCNK5, P2RY2; SMAD7, GREB1, NRIP1	MCF-7	RNAPII, ERα	1D and 2D	High H3K4me1, low H3K4me3; and high H3K27Ac
Leveille et al. (2015)	BC	P21, TOB1, PRKAG2, SUFU	MCF-7	RNAPII, p300, p53	1D and 2D	High H3K4me1, low H3K4me3
Zhao et al. (2016)	CRPC	ARHGEF26, KLK15, HTR3A; TLE1, SLC16A7	LNCaP, C4-2	RNAPII, p300, AR	2D	High H3K4me1, low H3K4me3
Zhao et al. (2016)	CRPC	FTO, LUZP2, MARC1 NCAM2	LNCaP, C4-2	RNAPII, p300, AR	2D	High H3K4me1, low H3K4me3
McCleland et al. (2016)	CRC	CCAT1	HT-29	RNAPII	2D	High H3K4me1, low H3K4me3
Bal et al. (2017)	BCC	ACTRT1	Keratinocyte	RNAPII	1D and 2D	High H3K4me1, low H3K4me3; and high H3K27Ac

BC: breast cancer; CRPC: castration-resistant prostate cancer; CRC: colorectal cancer; BCC: basal cell carcinoma.