Outcomes in Cardiogenic Shock Patients with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Use: A Matched Cohort Study in Hospitals across the United States
Table 1
Matched variables for the study groups.
Without ECMO
With ECMO
Mean
(95% CI)
Mean
(95% CI)
Age
50.0
(47.7–52.3)
49.9
(47.1–52.5)
N
% (95 CI)
N
% (95 CI)
Injury Severity Score (0–15)a
800
99.4 (96.9–99.9)
796
99.3 (96.0–99.0)
Sex
Male
551
68.5 (61.6–74.6)
548
68.4 (61.6–74.4)
Female
254
31.5 (25.4–38.4)
254
31.6 (25.6–38.4)
Season of admission
Winter
199
24.7 (19.5–30.8)
204
25.5 (20.2–31.7)
Spring
195
24.3 (18.8–30.8)
185
23.0 (17.9–29.2)
Summer
203
25.3 (19.8–31.7)
202
25.2 (19.8–31.5)
Autumn
207
25.7 (20.1–32.3)
210
26.2 (20.9–32.3)
Admission day
Monday–Friday
596
74.0 (67.6–79.6)
591
73.7 (67.1–79.3)
Saturday-Sunday
209
26.0 (20.4–32.4)
211
26.3 (20.7–32.9)
Median household incomeb
$1–$37,999
113
14.1 (10.0–19.6)
115
14.3 (10.2–19.7)
$38,000–$47,999
202
25.1 (19.7–31.4)
210
26.2 (20.6–32.7)
$48,000–$63,999
184
22.9 (17.6–29.2)
185
23.1 (17.8–29.4)
$64,000 or more
305
37.9 (31.6–44.7)
292
36.3 (30.1–43.1)
Primary expected payer
Medicare & Medicaid
385
47.9 (41.0–54.9)
384
47.8 (41.0–54.7)
Private including HMO
384
47.8 (40.9–54.7)
383
47.8 (41.0–54.7)
Chronic condition
805
100
802
100
Procedure class
Minor diagnostic
438
54.5 (47.9–60.8)
448
55.9 (49.1–62.4)
Minor therapeutic
725
90.1 (85.3–93.4)
722
90.1 (85.5–93.3)
Major therapeutic
800
99.4 (96.4–99.9)
796
99.3 (95.9–99.9)
Per agreement with HCUP, certain categories of primary expected payer, major diagnostic procedure class, and major trauma category Injury Severity Score were omitted from the table due to a variable count less than 10. According to national quartile for patient ZIP Code derived from ZIP Code-demographic data obtained from Claritas.
