Involvement of Cholinergic Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in the Effects of Simulated Weightlessness on Learning and Memory in Rats
Table 1
The variation tendencies of behavioral and biochemical parameters for different HU (hindlimb unloading) duration.
Parameters
HU-7 d
HU-14 d
HU-21 d
HU-28 d
Behavioral parameters
Average escape latency (s)
0
69.1%
119.1%
125.7%
Number of target crossings (times)
0
30.8%
42.2%
56.0%
Distance spent in target quadrant (cm)
0
24.6%
37.9%
33.4%
Average number of active avoidance instances (times)
0
26.8%
43.1%
41.5%
Average time spent in electric area (s)
0
37.1%
57.6%
65.7%
Biochemical parameters
AChE activity (U/mg protein)
(hippocampus)
0
7.2 %
14.8%
23.1%
(cortex)
0
30.6%
45.4%
69.4%
ChAT activity (U/g protein)
(hippocampus)
0
16.3%
8.3%
12.9%
(cortex)
0
12.1%
19.4%
18.0%
SOD activity (U/mg protein)
(hippocampus)
0
15.1%
30.9%
30.0%
CAT activity (U/mg protein)
0
26.1%
27.4%
31.7%
MDA level (nmol/mg protein)
0
22.3%
25.4%
38.8%
ROS (DCF-DA fluorescence)
(hippocampus)
0
15.5%
21.4%
23.5%
8-OHdG (ng/100 mg wet tissue)
0
6.2%
13.0%
23.0%
ROS (U/ml)
(serum)
0
15.7%
25.8%
32.3%
8-OHdG (ng/L)
0
16.9%
25.0%
17.6%
Note. Numbers represent the change percentage of parameters for HU-14 d, HU-21 d, and HU-28 d compared to those of HU-7 d. “” indicates increase; “” indicates decrease.
