Serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Levels Are Independently Associated with Radioisotope Glomerular Filtration Rate in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Early Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 4

Multivariable regression analysis of various biomarkers versus UACR or rGFR.

	UACR		rGFR
	Standard β	P	Standard β	P
Model 1
FABP4	0.124	0.109	−0.364	<0.0001
NGAL/Cr	0.110	0.137	−0.200	0.006
CysC/Cr	0.307	<0.0001	−0.091	0.235
RBP4	0.440	<0.0001	−0.163	0.034
UACR			−0.250	<0.0001
Model 2
FABP4	0.107	0.289	−0.349	<0.0001
NGAL/Cr	0.065	0.455	−0.095	0.220
CysC/Cr	0.295	0.001	−0.077	0.331
RBP4	0.441	<0.0001	−0.159	0.045
UACR			−0.232	0.001
Model 3
FABP4	0.063	0.488	−0.367	<0.0001
NGAL/Cr	0.082	0.343	−0.052	0.554
CysC/Cr	0.450	<0.0001	−0.046	0.652
RBP4	0.519	<0.0001	−0.114	0.250
UACR			−0.118	0.235

Model 1: crude model without covariate adjustment; model 2: adjustment for age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, SBP, HbA1c, and use of ACEI/ARBs; model 3: adjustment for age, sex, BMI, WC, SBP, use of ACEI/ARBs, and all the other potential damage biomarkers in the table. UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio; rGFR, radioisotope glomerular filtration rate; FABP4, fatty acid-binding protein 4; NGAL/Cr, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin-to-creatinine ratio; Cys-C/Cr, cystatin C-to-creatinine ratio; RBP4, retinal-binding protein 4.