Research Article

ECG Markers of Hemodynamic Improvement in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension

Table 2

Baseline electrocardiography characteristics.

No hemodynamic improvementHemodynamic improvement

HR [bpm]79.0 ± 17.276.4 ± 16.40.46
Sinus rhythm [ (%)]39 (86.7%)40 (87.0%)0.97
[mm]6.5 ± 5.74.2 ± 3.00.02
> 6 mm [ (%)]17 (37.8%)13 (28.3%)0.34
[mm]16.9 ± 12.03.2 ± 4.60.09
> 1.0 [ (%)]36 (80%)29 (63%)0.08
[mm]9.5 ± 5.58.6 ± 4.50.39
> 10 mm [ (%)]17 (37.8%)17 (37%)0.94
[mm]6.5 ± 4.66.1 ± 3.80.64
> 3 mm [ (%)]33 (73.3%)35 (76%)0.76
[mm]3.2 ± 2.32.5 ± 2.10.17
> 4 mm [ (%)]9 (20%)5 (10.9%)0.62
[mm]2.6 ± 4.02.8 ± 3.40.78
< 2 mm [ (%)]29 (64.4%)26 (56.5%)0.44
[mm]7.9 ± 4.37.7 ± 3.30.83
< 3 mm [ (%)]3 (6.7%)3 (6.5%)0.98
[mm]1.3 ± 1.01.8 ± 2.70.25
< 3 mm [ (%)]15 (33.3%)12 (26%)0.45
[mm]1.9 ± 1.92.7 ± 4.50.31
< 3 mm [ (%)]1 (2.2%)4 (8.7%)0.18
to [mm]13.0 ± 6.46.4 ± 19.40.35
to < 0.04 [ (%)]11 (2.2%)1 (2.2%)1
( + ) − ( + ) [mm]−8.8 ± 9.5−5.3 ± 9.90.1
( + ) − ( + ) < 15 mm [ (%)]44 (97.8%)45 (97.8%)0.99
+ [mm]13.5 ± 11.39.2 ± 7.20.03
+ > 6 mm [ (%)]36 (80%)37 (80.4%) 0.96
+ [mm]16.3 ± 9.712.8 ± 6.10.05
+ > 10.5 [ (%)]33 (73.3%)29 (63%)0.29
peak [mm]40.5 ± 13.838.8 ± 20.60.54
peak > 35 msec in baseline1 [ (%)]21 (65.6%)21 (61.2%)0.75
[mm]31.48 ± 0.61.7 ± 0.80.29
> 0,25 mV [ (%)]31 (2.6%)5 (12.2%)0.11
Qualitative patterns:
qR in [ (%)]21 (46.7%)17 (40%)0.35
(QRS duration > 0.12 sec)3 (6.7%)4 (8.7%)0.72
in I34 (75.6%)26 (56.5%)0.06
in II12 (26.7%)8 (17.4%)0.29
in III7 (15.6%)9 (15.6%)0.62
and 25 (55.6%)26 (56.5%)0.93
> 20 (64.5%)20 (55.6%)0.46
Negative -wave through 25 (55.6%)27 (58.7%)0.76

Calculated for patients who had all required waves present; calculated according to guidelines, only for patients with QRS < 120 msec; and , respectively; calculated only for patients in sinus rhythm; and , respectively.