Vildagliptin Can Alleviate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Liver Induced by a High Fat Diet

Figure 4

Vildagliptin ameliorated ER stress induced by PA or thapsigargin in HepG2 cells. (a, c) HepG2 cells were treated with 1 umol/L thapsigargin or 0.4 mmol/L PA with the indicated concentrations of vildagliptin for 24 h. Proteins were analyzed by western blotting using anti-BiP, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, p-IRE1α, and xBP-1 antibodies and quantified by densitometry ( for each condition). (b) HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of PA (in DMEM) for 24 h after the cells were starved for 3 h. Proteins were analyzed by western blotting using p-PERK, p-eIF2α, p-IRE1α, xBP-1, and BiP antibodies and quantified by densitometry ( for each condition). Data was represented as the means ± SD; relative to PA (0 mM).

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