A Novel Oxidovanadium (IV)-Orotate Complex as an Alternative Antidiabetic Agent: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Assessments

<table class="fixed-width table-group" id="tab3"><tr><td><table class="table"><colgroup><col style="width:6.85em"/><col style="width:6.85em"/><col style="width:6.85em"/><col style="width:6.85em"/><col style="width:6.85em"/><col style="width:6.85em"/><col style="width:6.85em"/></colgroup><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left" rowspan="2">Method</td><td class="align_center" colspan="5"> Parameter</td><td class="align_center" rowspan="2">r</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center">E <br/>(J <span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.0392pt" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-0.2454996pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.7937 28.7974 12.0392" width="28.7974pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.595,0)"><path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.134,0)"><path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.5,-5.944)"><path d="M300 253H71L57 198H286L300 253Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.751,-5.944)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g></svg>)</span></td><td class="align_center">A <br/>(<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.8369pt" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-0.2454996pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5914 13.0867 11.8369" width="13.0867pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M319 325C317 349 306 409 297 431C277 440 250 449 209 449C117 449 57 389 57 319C57 243 122 209 182 182C232 159 261 135 261 91C261 48 227 21 190 21C130 21 85 79 68 145L41 140C41 104 51 36 58 22C75 7 121 -12 172 -12C252 -12 337 35 337 126C337 195 286 231 210 262C166 281 126 304 126 348C126 388 152 417 191 417C240 417 274 378 294 318L319 325Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,4.771,-5.741)"><path d="M300 253H71L57 198H286L300 253Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.023,-5.741)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g></svg>)</span></td><td class="align_center">ΔS <br/>(J <svg height="12.0392pt" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-0.2454996pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.7937 28.7974 12.0392" width="28.7974pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.595,0)"><path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.134,0)"><path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.5,-5.944)"><path d="M300 253H71L57 198H286L300 253Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.751,-5.944)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g></svg> <svg height="11.6412pt" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-0.04979992pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5914 17.0796 11.6412" width="17.0796pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M667 0V28C619 34 599 43 546 100C496 154 386 277 311 372C378 440 449 512 488 547C551 605 575 615 650 622V650H410V622L433 619C478 614 479 604 449 568C404 513 337 443 282 390C254 364 234 350 212 345V520C212 609 222 616 299 622V650H41V622C120 616 128 611 128 520V128C128 41 120 34 44 28V0H304V28C221 34 212 41 212 128V318C229 321 242 318 266 291C355 185 436 87 514 0H667Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.749,-5.741)"><path d="M300 253H71L57 198H286L300 253Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.001,-5.741)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g></svg>)</td><td class="align_center">ΔH <br/>(J <span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.0392pt" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-0.2454996pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.7937 28.7974 12.0392" width="28.7974pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.595,0)"><path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.134,0)"><path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.5,-5.944)"><path d="M300 253H71L57 198H286L300 253Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.751,-5.944)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g></svg>)</span></td><td class="align_center">ΔG <br/>(J <span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.0392pt" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-0.2454996pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.7937 28.7974 12.0392" width="28.7974pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.595,0)"><path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.134,0)"><path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.5,-5.944)"><path d="M300 253H71L57 198H286L300 253Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.751,-5.944)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z"></path></g></svg>)</span></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">CR</td><td class="align_center">1.86E+05</td><td class="align_center">2.74E+11</td><td class="align_center">-3.31E+01</td><td class="align_center">1.80E+05</td><td class="align_center">2.03E+05</td><td class="align_center">0.9967</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">HM</td><td class="align_center">1.95E+05</td><td class="align_center">2.78E+12</td><td class="align_center">-1.39E+01</td><td class="align_center">1.89E+05</td><td class="align_center">1.99E+05</td><td class="align_center">0.9997</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="7"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Thermal decomposition of the oxidovanadium (IV)-orotate complex.</div>

BioMed Research International

tab3

Table 3

Table 3: A Novel Oxidovanadium (IV)-Orotate Complex as an Alternative Antidiabetic Agent: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Assessments 