Impact of Intravenous Fluid Challenge Infusion Time on Macrocirculation and Endothelial Glycocalyx in Surgical and Critically Ill Patients

Figure 1

Perfused boundary region changes induced by fluid administration. Legend: Panel (a) PBR changes in surgical patients (Cohort OR); Panel (b) PBR changes in patients with sepsis/septic shock (Cohort SEP). Abbreviations: Group F (white): fast administration; Group S (grey): slow administration; PBR: perfused boundary region; TP 0, 1, 20, 40, 60, 120: measurement point immediately before, immediately after, and at 20, 40, 60, and 120 minutes after fluid challenge; #: significant difference against baseline in the slow group; : significant difference between fast and slow group.

(a)

(b)