High Ghrelin Level Predicts the Curve Progression of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Girls

Table 2

Comparisons of distribution of physical characteristics and circulating leptin and ghrelin levels between progressive AIS group and stable AIS group.

Items	Progressive Group; (n = 40)	Stable Group; (n = 65)	P value
Age
<12 years	26 (65.0%)	28 (43.1%)	0.048
≥12 years	14 (35.0%)	37 (56.9%)
cBMI
<16.8 kg/m^2	27 (67.5%)	26 (40.0%)	0.011
≥16.8 kg/m^2	13 (32.5%)	39 (60.0%)
Main cobb angle
<23°	14 (35.0%)	41 (63.1%)	0.009
≥23°	26 (65.0%)	24 (36.9%)
Menstrual status
Pre-menarche	27 (67.5%)	26 (40.0%)	0.011
Post-menarche	13 (32.5%)	39 (60.0%)
Ghrelin
≤5.00 ng/ml	7 (17.5%)	29 (44.6%)	<0.001
5.00-7.30 ng/ml	12 (30.0%)	24 (36.9%)
≥7.30 ng/ml	21 (52.5%)	12 (18.5%)
Leptin
≤5.13 ng/ml	17 (42.5%)	19 (29.2%)	0.360
5.13-7.44 ng/ml	12 (30.0%)	22 (33.8%)
≥7.44 ng/ml	11 (27.5%)	24 (36.9%)
Risser sign
0-2	26 (65.0%)	40 (61.5%)	0.882
3-5	14 (35.0%)	25 (38.5%)

Values are shown as no. (%). BMI, body mass index.