Differentiating Nonfunctional Paraganglioma of the Bladder from Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Pitfalls and Breakthroughs

Table 3

Differences in cystoscopic features between the 2 groups.

Variable	NPB	UCB	value	Statistical method
Hypervascularization (%)
Yes	10 (71.4)	9 (21.4)	0.001	Fisher’s exact test
No	4 (28.6)	33 (78.6)
Hemorrhage (%)
Yes	4 (28.6)	30 (71.4)	0.004 (χ^2 = 8.1)	Chi-square test
No	10 (71.4)	12 (28.6)
Necrosis (%)
Yes	1 (7.1)	16 (38.1)	0.042	Fisher’s exact test
No	13 (92.9)	26 (61.9)
Calcification (%)
Yes	0	13 (31.0)	0.025	Fisher’s exact test
No	14 (100.0)	29 (69.0)
Pedunculation (%)
Yes	5 (35.7)	30 (71.4)	0.017 (χ^2 = 5.7)	Chi-square test
No	9 (64.3)	12 (28.6)
Multilesion (%)
Yes	1 (7.1)	17 (40.5)	0.023	Fisher’s exact test
No	13 (92.9)	25 (59.5)

NPB = nonfunctional paraganglioma of the bladder; UCB = urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.