BioMed Research International

Research Article

Relationship between Serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Level and Microvascular Complications in Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Outcomes ofsubgroup analyses.


Outcomes	No. of studies	MD (95%CI)	P_A	Heterogeneity test
Outcomes	No. of studies	MD (95%CI)	P_A	P	I² (%)

All studies	15	0.06 (0.04, 0.08)	<0.001	<0.001	77.0
Complications
MIC	5	0.04 (0.00, 0.07)	0.028	<0.001	80.1
MAC	5	0.08 (0.03, 0.13)	0.002	0.003	74.6
DR	4	0.07 (0.03, 0.10)	<0.001	0.068	58.0
DN	1	0.02 (-0.24, 0.28)	0.879	- -	- -
Area
Asian	4	0.12 (0.03, 0.20)	0.006	<0.001	89.6
Western	11	0.05 (0.03, 0.07)	<0.001	0.001	66.0
Type of research
Case-control	7	0.07 (0.02, 0.12)	0.009	<0.001	82.6
Cross-sectional	8	0.05 (0.03, 0.07)	<0.001	0.031	54.6
Participants
T2DM	11	0.03 (0.03, 0.10)	0.001	<0.001	83.2
T1DM&T2DM	4	0.05 (0.04, 0.06)	<0.001	0.997	0.0
Measurement of ADMA
ELISA	3	0.12 (-0.04, 0.27)	0.148	0.007	80.0
HPLC	11	0.05 (0.03, 0.07)	<0.001	<0.001	77.3
IMA	1	0.02 (-0.24, 0.28)	0.879	- -	- -

P_A: P value for test of the association; MIC, microalbuminuria; MAC, macroalbuminuria; IMA, Immunosorbent Assay; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; DN: diabetic neuropathy; DR: diabetic retinopathy; ADMA, asymmetric dimethylarginine.