Bone Formation and Adaptive Morphology of the Anterior Tibial Muscle in 3-mm Daily Lengthening Using High-Fractional Automated Distraction and Osteosynthesis with the Ilizarov Apparatus Combined with Intramedullary Hydroxyapatite-Coated Wire
Figure 3
End of distraction. Muscle histostructure in group 1 (a, b, c, d, e, f) and group 2 (g, h, i, j, k, l): (a) metabolic fiber types. Polygonal profiles are preserved. Portion of white muscular fibers is increased (type 1). Sings of reinnervation (one type fibers grouping). Numerous capillaries. (b) Mild thickening of the adventitial layer in the perimysial vessels; (c) microvessels in the perimysium; (d) multinucleated myotube; (e) preserved transverse striation of muscle fibers; (f) spindle-shaped fibroblast in the endomysium; (g) polygonal type profiles of muscle fibers, microvessels filled with blood, signs of reinnervation; (h) regenerating muscle fiber in the center; (i) myoblast and spindle-shaped fibroblast in the endomysium; (j) active synthesizing fibroblast; (k) fibrillogenesis in the interstitial space; (l) adipocytes that replaced muscle fibers. Transverse cryostat sections, myosin ATPase reaction at pH 9.0 (Padykula and Herman). Magnification: 16x (lens), 12.5х (eyepiece) (a, g). Paraffin section stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Magnification: 40x (lens), 12.5x (eyepiece) (b). Semithin sections, stained by M. Ontell. Magnification: 100x (lens), 12.5x (eyepiece) (d, e, h, i, l). Electron scans. Magnification: 1600х (c, j); 2000x (f); 900x (k).