Separation of Levofloxacin from Industry Effluents Using Novel Magnetic Nanocomposite and Membranes Hybrid Processes

Table 2

Characteristic properties of UF, NF, and RO membranes.

Membrane type	Parameters	Specification
UF	Material	Polyether sulfone
	Type	Capillary multi bores x 7
	Diameter bores ID	0.9 mm
	Diameter fiber OD	4.2mm
	MWCO	100KD
	Surface area	50 m^2
	Maximum temperature	40°C
	Maximum pressure	7.5bar
	Membrane back wash pressure	0.5-1bar
	Operator pH range	3-10
	Back wash pH range	1-13
	Disinfection chemicals
	Hypo chloride (NaOCl)	50-200 mgL^−1
	Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)	100-200 mgL^−1
NF (DOW Film Tec 2.5 x 40)	Model	NF 270-2540
	Permeate Flow rate	3.2 m^3/day
	Active surface area	28 ft^2 (3.2 m^2)
	Applied pressure	4.8 bar
	Stabilized salt rejection	> 97%
RO (DOW Film)	Model	TW 30-3812-40
	Membrane type	Thin film composite (filmtech)
	Permeate Flow rate	83.2 m^3/day
	Active surface area	28 ft^2 (3.2 m^2)
	Maximum operating pressure	1.0 bar
	Stabilized salt rejection	99.5%
	pH range continuous operation	3-10
	pH range short term cleaning	1-12