BioMed Research International

Review Article

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents of Zingiber officinale Roscoe

Table 1

Volatile oils in ZOR.
No.TypeNameStructureReference
1Terpeneα-Terpinene[15]
2Terpeneα-Terpineol[15]
3Terpene4-Terpineol[15]
4TerpeneTerpinolene[15]
5Terpeneγ-Terpinolene[15]
6AlcoholCineole[15]
7Alcoholβ-Eudesmol[15]
8AlcoholNerol[15]
9Alcoholtrans-Nerolidol[15]
10Alcohol4-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol[15]
11Alcohol3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol[15]
12Alcohol3,7-Dimethyloct-6-en-1-yn-3-ol[15]
13Alcohol3-Methylhexan-2-ol[15]
14Alcoholcis-Piperitol[15]
15AlcoholBorneol[15]
16AlcoholElemol[15]
17Alcoholtau-Muurolol[15]
18Alcohol2-Methoxy-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane[15]
19Alcohol1-Isopropyl-4-methylcyclohex-3-enol[15]
20Alcohol2-Tetradecanol[15]
21AlcoholMyrtenol[15]
22AlcoholCitronellol[15]
23AlcoholGeraniol[15]
24Alcoholcis-Linalool oxide[15]
25Alcohol4-Ethoxybutan-1-ol[15]
26Alcoholα-Eudesmol[15]
27AlcoholNerolidol[15]
28AlcoholFarnesol[15]
29Alcoholtrans-4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol[15]
30Alcoholcis-4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol[15]
31Alcohol2-Heptanol[16]
32Alcohol1-Methoxy-2-methyl[16]
33Alcoholcis-Sesquisabinene hydrate[17]
34Alcoholcis-2-p-Menthen-1-ol[17]
35Alcoholendo-Borneol[17]
36Alcoholtrans-Sabinene hydrate[17]
37Alcohol2-Nonanol[18]
38AlcoholPropanol[18]
39Alcoholcis-β-Sesquiphellandrol[18]
40Alcoholtrans-β-Sesquiphellandrol[18]
41Alcoholβ-Santalol[19]
42AlcoholZingiberol[19]
43Alcoholtau-Cadinol[20]
44AlcoholZingiberenol[21]
45Alcohol2-Pinen-5-ol[21]
46AlcoholBornyl methyl ether[21]
47AlcoholIsoborneol[22]
48Alcohol2-Decanol[22]
49AlcoholFenchol[22]
50AlcoholLinalool[23]
51AlcoholPlinol[23]
52AlcoholCamphenol[23]
53Alcoholtrans-2-Decen-1-ol[23]
54AlcoholHentriacontanol[24]
55Alcohol10-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-hydroxyl cineole[25]
56AldoketoneButanal[15]
57AldoketoneGermacrone[15]
58Aldoketone2,6-Dimethylhept-5-enal[15]
59Aldoketone2-Heptanone[15]
60Aldoketone(E)-Citral[15]
61Aldoketone(Z)-Citral[15]
62Aldoketone2-Nonanone[15]
63Aldoketone3-((3E,5E)-Deca-3,5-dienyl)cyclopentanone[15]
64Aldoketoneβ-Cyclocitral[15]
65Aldoketone2-Undecanone[15]
66Aldoketone1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one[15]
67Aldoketone(1R)-(–)-Myrtenal[15]
68Aldoketoneβ-Citronellal[15]
69AldoketoneCrypton[15]
70Aldoketone4-Isopropylcyclohex-2-enone[15]
71AldoketoneCamphor[15]
72Aldoketone6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one[15]
73Aldoketonetrans,trans-Farnesal[15]
74AldoketoneHexanal[16]
75AldoketoneNeral[17]
76AldoketoneGeranial[17]
77AldoketoneOctanal[17]
78AldoketoneMethyl heptenone[18]
79AldoketoneNonyl aldehyde[18]
80AldoketoneAcetaldehyde[18]
81AldoketonePropionaldehyde[18]
82AldoketoneValeraldehyde[18]
83AldoketonePerillal[19]
84Aldoketone(E)-Dodec-2-enal[21]
85Aldoketone(Z)-3,7-Dimethylocta-3,6-dienal[21]
86Aldoketone(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-3,6-dienal[21]
87Aldoketone(E)-Dec-2-enal[21]
88AldoketoneDecanal[23]
89AldoketoneCitronella[23]
90Aldoketone2-Octenal[21]
91AldoketoneOctanal[26]
92AldoketoneAcetone[26]
93AcidL-Bornyl acetate[15]
94AcidGeranic acid[15]
95AcidUndecanoic acid[16]
96EsterNeryl acetate[15]
97EsterMethyl 11-(cyclopent-2-enyl)undecanoate[15]
98EsterGeranyl propionate[15]
99Esterendo-Bornyl acetate[15]
100Estersec-Butyl acetate[15]
101Ester3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl acetate[15]
102EsterNeryl propionate[15]
103EsterGeraniol formate[15]
104EsterMyrtenyl acetate[15]
105EsterGeranyl acetate[15]
106EsterFormic acid ethyl ester[16]
107EsterEthyl butanoate[17]
108EsterCitronellyl acetate[17]
109EsterHeptyl acetate[17]
110EsterMethyl acetate[18]
111EsterEthyl acetate[18]
112EsterButyl acetate[21]
113Ester2-Octyl acetate[21]
114Fat hydrocarbonallo-Aromadendrene[15]
115Fat hydrocarbonβ-Sesquiphellandrene[15]
116Fat hydrocarbonα-Cedrene[15]
117Fat hydrocarbonβ-Thujene[15]
118Fat hydrocarbonCadina-5,8-diene[15]
119Fat hydrocarbonBicyclo[2.2.1]heptane[15]
120Fat hydrocarbon(E)-2,7-Dimethyloct-3-en-5-yne[15]
121Fat hydrocarbon(Z)-2,6-Dimethylocta-2,6-diene[15]
122Fat hydrocarbon(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-1,3,6-triene[15]
123Fat hydrocarbonβ-Phellandrene[15]
124Fat hydrocarbonα-Bergamotene[15]
125Fat hydrocarbonα-Gurjunene[15]
126Fat hydrocarbonSabinene[15]
127Fat hydrocarbon(+)-Cyclosativene[15]
128Fat hydrocarbon(Z)-β-Farnesene[15]
129Fat hydrocarbon(E)-β-Farnesene[15]
130Fat hydrocarbon(Z,Z)-α-Farnesene[15]
131Fat hydrocarbonZingiberene[15]
132Fat hydrocarbonα-Farnesene[15]
133Fat hydrocarbon(E)-5-Methylocta-1,6-diene[15]
134Fat hydrocarbon5-Methyloct-3-yne[15]
135Fat hydrocarbon7-Methylocta-3,4-diene[15]
136Fat hydrocarbonγ-Elemene[15]
137Fat hydrocarbonγ-Humulene[15]
138Fat hydrocarbonThujopsene[15]
139Fat hydrocarbonβ-Elemene[15]
140Fat hydrocarbonβ-Bisabolene[15]
141Fat hydrocarbonα-Pinene[15]
142Fat hydrocarbonβ-Pinene[15]
143Fat hydrocarbonCaryophyllene[15]
144Fat hydrocarbonβ-Caryophyllene[15]
145Fat hydrocarbonTricyclene[15]
146Fat hydrocarbonMoslene[15]
147Fat hydrocarbonCedrene[15]
148Fat hydrocarbon(–)-allo-Aromadendrene[15]
149Fat hydrocarbonNeoclovene[15]
150Fat hydrocarbon3-Octyne[15]
151Fat hydrocarbon1-Octene[15]
152Fat hydrocarbonβ-Myrcene[15]
153Fat hydrocarbonβ-Eudesmene[15]
154Fat hydrocarbonEudesma-3,7(11)-diene[15]
155Fat hydrocarbonCaryophyllene[15]
156Fat hydrocarbonBicyclo[3.1.1]heptane[15]
157Fat hydrocarbon1-Cyclopropylpentane[15]
158Fat hydrocarbon3-Carene[15]
159Fat hydrocarbon2-Carene[15]
160Fat hydrocarbon(+)-Aromadendrene[15]
161Fat hydrocarbonFenchene[16]
162Fat hydrocarbonδ-Elemene[17]
163Fat hydrocarbonD-Limonene[18, 22]
164Fat hydrocarbonβ-Phellandrene[18, 26]
165Fat hydrocarbon10-Epizonarene[18]
166Fat hydrocarbonOctane[18]
167Fat hydrocarbonNonane[18]
168Fat hydrocarbonα-Bergamotene[19]
169Fat hydrocarbonβ-Bisabolene[20]
170Fat hydrocarbonτ-Epi-α-selinene[20]
171Fat hydrocarbon4-Carene[22]
172Fat hydrocarbonCamphene[23]
173Fat hydrocarbonα-Phellandrene[23]
174Fat hydrocarbon(Z)-3,7-Dimethylocta-1,3,6-triene[27]
175Fat hydrocarbonGermacrene[27]
176Fat hydrocarbonδ-Cadinene[26]
177Fat hydrocarbonα-Cubebene[26]
178Fat hydrocarbonα-Copaene[26]
179Areneα-Curcumene[15]
180Arene2-Isopropyltoluene[15]
181Areneo-Cymene[15]
182AreneStyrene[17]
183AreneMethylbenzene[17]
184AreneCumene[18]
185Arenep-Cymene[19]
186Othersp-Cymen-8-ol[15]
187Others2-Acetoxy-1,8-cineole[17]
188OthersDiethyl sulphide[18]
189OthersEthyl isopropyl sulphide[18]
190OthersMethyl allyl sulphide[18]
191OthersDibutyl phthalate[20]
192Others2-(3′-Methyl-2′-butenyl)-3-methylfuran[21]
193OthersIsoeugenol[21]
194Others2-(2′,3′-Epoxy-3′-methylbutyl)-3-methylfuran[21]