Rosmarinic Acid Enriched Fraction from Perilla frutescens Leaves Strongly Protects Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Table 1

Microscopic assessment of histopathological index.

Lesion criteria	Score	Descriptive remarks
Intensity of ulceration or erosion	N x 2	Ulcer, Erosion < 1mm
	N x 3	Ulcer, Erosion > 1mm
	N x 4	Perforation
	1	Ulcer, Erosion depth <1/3
	2	Ulcer, Erosion depth 2/3
	3	Ulcer, Erosion depth 3/3
(2) Number of petechiae	0	0
	1	1-5
	2	5-9
	3	≥10
(3) Inflammation	0	None
(monocytes or neutrophils)	1	Lower 1/3 portion of mucosa
	2	Middle portion of mucosa
	3	Upper 1/3 portion of mucosa
(4) Density of inflammation	0	None
	1	≤ 25 cells/HPF
	2	> 25 - 50 cells/HPF
	3	> 50 cells/HPF
(5) Present of PMN (neutrophils)	0	No
	1	Yes, scatter
	2	Yes, aggregate
(6) Degeneration granular lining cell	0	No
	1	Yes, mild morphology change
	2	Yes, scatter and morphology change
	3	Yes, aggregate and morphology change

N= number of ulcers each stomach.