Adipose Insulin Resistance and Circulating Betatrophin Levels in Women with PCOS

Table 1

Main clinical features and laboratory parameters in the study population.

Group	Controls (n = 99)	PCOS (n = 100)
		Q1 (adipose IR < 55) (n = 50)	Q2 (adipose IR ≥ 55) (n = 50)
Age (yr)	25.0 (24.0–27.0)	27.0 (24.0–30.0)	26.0 (24.0–28.0)
BMI (kg/m^2)	20.0 (18.6–21.3)	22.5 (19.5–24.9)	26.4 (23.4–28.7)^∆
SBP	108.0 (102.0–115.5)	115.5 (108.0–120.0)	118.5 (109.0–124.0)
DBP	76.0 (70.0–80.0)	75.0 (72.0–80.0)	78.0 (72.0–82.0)
WHR	0.78 (0.75–0.84)	0.85 (0.79–0.89)	0.86 (0.82–0.91)
M value (mg/kg/min)	10.3 (8.1–11.8)	6.8 (5.2–9.1)	4.2 (3.5–5.4)^∆
FBG (mmol/L)	4.42 (4.03–4.71)	4.80 (4.33–5.08)	5.05 (4.73–5.62)^∆
2h-BG (mmol/L)	5.25 (4.59–6.20)	6.12 (5.23–7.29)	8.01 (6.78–10.03)^∆
FIns (mU/L)	7.0 (6.1–8.5)	9.0 (6.5–10.5)	20.9 (17.8–27.2)^∆
2h-Ins (mU/L)	35.7 (22.4–57.0)	81.5 (58.2–113.3)	149.2 (126.1–215.2)^∆
FFA (umol/L)	0.52 (0.35–0.75)	0.48 (0.37–0.58)	0.72 (0.57–0.79)^∆
TC (mmol/L)	3.74 (3.15–4.42)	4.40 (3.67–5.21)	4.77 (4.16–5.10)
TG (mmol/L)	0.79 (0.58–1.27)	1.06 (0.82–1.69)	1.66 (1.10–2.30)^▲
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.16 (0.97–1.42)	1.27 (1.14–1.54)	1.23 (1.07–1.40)
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.15 (1.58–2.58)	2.60 (1.97–3.11)	2.73 (1.99–3.19)
HOMA-IR	1.35 (1.16–1.73)	1.76 (1.45–2.37)	4.83 (4.04–5.99)^∆
AUCglucose	11.7 (10.6–13.4)	13.3 (12.4–16.0)	16.57 (14.45–19.16)^∆
AUCinsulin	107.5 (62.6–144.5)	152.8 (131.6–187.1)	262.3 (215.9–352.5)^∆
VAIfemale	1.27 (0.87–2.10)	1.52 (0.99–2.37)	2.35 (1.56–3.63)^∆
BAI	26.8 (24.4–28.1)	27.4 (25.0–30.5)	31.3 (28.3–34.3)^∆
Betatrophin (μg/L)	0.33 (0.21–0.42)	0.59 (0.42–0.68)	0.59 (0.53–0.69)
SHBG (nmol/L)	57.7 (42.1–75.0)	36.3 (23.7–59.8)	30.2 (20.0–40.6)^∆
DHEA-S (μg/dl)	181.3 (141.2–216.3)	189.5 (152.7–249.5)	202.9 (157.4–251.1)
TEST (nmol/L)	1.64 (1.22–2.24)	2.72 (2.12–3.42)	2.97 (2.33–3.71)
LH (IU/L)	4.23 (3.02–6.09)	11.05 (6.40–14.00)	7.35 (4.67–11.60)^▲
FSH (IU/L)	7.72 (6.73–9.14)	7.32 (6.03–8.87)	7.53 (6.33–8.97)
PRL (mIU/L)	372.9 (232.9–404.1)	290.2 (212.0–412.6)	412.3 (244.2–506.7)^∆
FAI	2.56 (1.82–4.78)	6.37 (3.46–10.25)	9.28 (6.22–14.74)^▲

BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WHR, waist hip ratio; FBG, fasting blood glucose; 2h-BG, 2-h post-glucose load blood glucose; FIns, fasting plasma insulin; 2h-Ins, 2 h plasma insulin after glucose overload; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FFA, free fatty acid; HOMA-_IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; AUC_glucose, the area under the curve for glucose; AUC _insulin, the area under the curve for insulin; VAI, visceral adiposity index; BAI, body adiposity index; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; DHEA-S, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; TEST, testosterone; LH, luteinizing hormone; FSH, follicular stimulating hormone; PRL, prolactin; Prog, progesterone; FAI, free androgen index. Values were given as median (interquartile range). ; compared with controls. , compared with Q1.