Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis in Chinese Patients: Presentation, Radiological Findings, and Clinical Course

Table 1

Clinical, laboratory, neuroradiologic, and therapeutic data from 16 patients with HP.

Case	Age/sex	Duration (months)	Previous history	Symptom	Laboratory test	CSF test		Lesions on MRI	Treatment	Follow-up
						WBC	Protein (g/mL)
1	34/M	2	Sinusitis	Headache, CN VII	ESR↑	3	5200	Falx cerebri, tentorium	MP	SR
2	64/M	3	Otitis media surgery	Headache	CRP↑	14	785	Frontal and temporal dura, tentorium	DXM	SR
3	63/M	4	—	CN II, IV, VI	CRP↑	0	263	Right temporal dura	MP	SR
4	53/F	3	—	Headache, cognitive decline	—	0	213	Diffuse dural thickening	MP	SR
5	61/F	28	Mastoiditis	Headache, ataxia, CN II, VII, VII, XII	ESR↑, CRP↑, WBC↑, C4↑, p-ANCA (+), ANA (+)	10	472	Diffuse dural thickening	MP, MMF	RR
6	64/F	7	Sinusitis surgery	Headache; CN II, III, VI, VII	ESR↑, CRP↑, p-ANCA (+), MPO-ANCA (+), ANA (+), RF (+), anti-Ro-52 (+)	0	627	Falx cerebri, tentorium	MP, Aza	SR
7	68/M	24	—	Headache	ESR↑, CRP↑, p-ANCA (+), MPO-ANCA (+), ANA (+), RF (+)	5	524	Frontal and occipital dura	MP, Aza	RR
8	49/F	36	Mastoiditis, sinusitis	Headache, CN II, V, limb numbness	ESR↑, CRP↑, p-ANCA (+), MPO-ANCA (+)	96	5548	Frontal and apical dura, falx cerebri, T1–T6	MP, HGG, MMF	RR
9	67/M	3	Mastoiditis	Headache, CN VII, VII	ESR↑, CRP↑, p-ANCA (+), MPO-ANCA (+)	60	1150	Falx cerebri, tentorium	MP	SR
10	37/M	6	Sinusitis	Limb numbness	—	4	524	Diffuse dural thickening	MP, MMF	SR
11	44/F	4	—	Headache	WBC↑	0	187	Falx cerebri, tentorium	MP	SR
12	41/F	5	Sinusitis	Headache	ESR↑, CRP↑, WBC↑	0	230	Diffuse dural thickening	MP	SR
13	58/M	4	Sinusitis surgery	Headache	CRP↑	2	1094	Falx cerebri	DXM	SR
14	62/F	3	—	Headache, ataxia; CN II, VII, VII, XII	—	2	1557	Diffuse dural thickening	MP	SR
15	53/M	5	Traumatic brain injury, mastoiditis	Headache, CN X	ESR↑, CRP↑	20	1375	Tentorium	DXM	SR
16	24/F	1	—	Headache	WBC↑	1	361	Falx cerebri, tentorium	MP, Aza	SR

ANA: antinuclear antibodies; AZA: azathioprine; CN: cranial nerve; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; DXM: dexamethasone; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HGG: human gamma globulin; CRP: C-reactive protein (mg/L); Ig: immunoglobulin (mg/L); MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; MP: methylprednisolone; MPO-ANCA: myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; p-ANCA: perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; RF: rheumatoid factor; RR: relapsing-remitting; SR: sustained remission; WBC: white blood cell.