10-HDA Induces ROS-Mediated Apoptosis in A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating the MAPK, STAT3, NF-κB, and TGF-β1 Signaling Pathways

Figure 3

Effects of 10-HDA on MAPK, NF-κB, and STAT3 signaling pathways in human lung cancer cells. (a) A549 cells were treated with 30 μM 10-HDA for different time periods (3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 h), and then the expression levels of p38, JNK, ERK, NF-κB, I-κB, and STAT3 were detected by western blot analysis and were normalized to α-tubulin. (b) The cells were pretreated with 10 μM of the JNK inhibitor (SP600125), p38 inhibitor (SB203580), and ERK inhibitor (FR180204) for 30 min, and then treated with 10-HDA for 24 h. The expression levels of p-JNK, p-p38, p-ERK, p-STAT3, NF-κB, I-κB, and caspase-3 were analyzed by western blotting and were normalized to α-tubulin. The expression levels of proteins were analyzed by ImageJ software. , , and vs. the control group and the NAC+10-HDA group.

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