The Association of Stage 1 Hypertension Defined by the 2017 ACC/AHA Guideline with Stroke and Its Subtypes among Elderly Chinese

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of study participants aged ≥60 years (N = 7,503).

Characteristics	Total (N = 7,053)	Blood pressure groups				value
		Normal (n = 779)	Elevated (n = 636)	Stage 1 (n = 1,902)	Stage 2 (n = 4,186)
Age (years)	68.77 ± 6.91	67.76 ± 6.57^d	68.34 ± 6.52^d	68.07 ± 6.90	69.35 ± 6.97^a,b	<0.001
Women, n (%)	3,709 (49.4)	384 (49.3)	320 (50.3)^c	839 (44.1)^b,d	2,166 (51.7)^c	<0.001
Ethnicity, n (%)						<0.001
Han	5,932 (79.1)	662 (85.0)^b,d	506 (79.6)^a	1,537 (80.8)^d	3,227 (77.1)^a,c
Mongolian	1,485 (19.8)	110 (14.1)^c,d	123 (19.3)	349 (18.3)^a,d	903 (21.6)^a,c
Others	86 (1.1)	7 (0.9)	7 (1.1)	16 (0.8)	56 (1.3)
Education level, (n) %						0.552
Primary school or below	5,832 (77.7)	605 (77.7)	485 (76.3)	1,461 (76.8)	3,281 (78.4)
Middle school	1,367 (18.2)	145 (18.6)	129 (20.3)	361 (19.0)	732 (17.5)
High school or above	304 (4.1)	29 (3.7)	22 (3.5)	80 (4.2)	173 (4.1)
Body mass index (kg/m^2)						<0.001
<25	6,276 (83.6)	703 (90.2)	576 (90.6)	1,653 (86.9)^d	3,344 (79.9)^c
25∼30	1,101 (14.7)	69 (8.9)^d	52 (8.2)^c,d	230 (12.1)^b,d	750 (17.9)^a,b,c
≥30	126 (1.7)	7 (0.9)	8 (1.3)	19 (1.0)^d	92 (2.2)^c
Physical activity, (n) %						<0.001
Low	4,917 (65.5)	480 (61.6)	412 (64.8)	1,144 (60.1)^d	2,881 (68.8)^c
Moderate	1,984 (26.4)	200 (25.7)^d	173 (27.2)	597 (31.4)^d	1,014 (24.2)^a,c
High	602 (8.0)	99 (12.7)^b,c,d	51 (8.0)^a	161 (8.5)^a	291 (7.0)^a
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	144.86 ± 25.58	108.65 ± 8.16^b,c,d	123.98 ± 3.13^a,c,d	129.81 ± 7.42^a,b,d	161.61 ± 20.98^a,b,c	<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	84.31 ± 13.12	68.45 ± 6.73^b,c,d	71.86 ± 5.56^a,c,d	80.16 ± 5.81^a,b,d	91.04 ± 12.51^a,b,c	<0.001
Antihypertensive medications, n (%)	902 (12.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	902 (21.5)	—
Current drinking, n (%)	1,898 (25.3)	196 (25.2)	143 (22.5)	454 (23.9)	1,105 (26.4)	0.060
Current smoking, n (%)	3,060 (40.8)	320 (41.1)	262 (41.2)	744 (39.1)	1,734 (41.4)	0.396
History of diabetes, n (%)	37 (0.5)	2 (0.3)	3 (0.5)	7 (0.4)	25 (0.6)	0.489
History of hyperlipidemia, n (%)	261 (3.5)	12 (1.5)^d	10 (1.6)^d	36 (1.9)^d	203 (4.8)^a,b,c	<0.001
Family history of hypertension, n (%)	366 (4.9)	17 (2.2)^d	12 (1.9)^d	51 (2.7)^d	286 (6.8)^a,b,c	<0.001

Values are mean ± SD or n (%). values from ANOVA for continuous variables; normal: <120/80 mm Hg; Elevated:120–129/<80 mm Hg; stage 1: 130–139/80–89 mm Hg; stage 2: ≥140/90 mm Hg or accepted antihypertensive treatment; ^a vs. normal ; ^b vs. elevated ; ^c vs. stage 1 ; ^d vs. stage 2 .