Pathological Features and Surgical Strategies of Cervical Deformity

Table 1

Summary of CD classification.

Pathological features
Congenital CD	Hypoplasia	Congenital wedge vertebra
		Congenital hemivertebra
	Segmental barriers	Unilateral massive vertebra
		Bilateral lump vertebrae
		Hybrid
	Neurofibromatosis
Secondary CD
Nonnoiatrogenic CD	Rheumatic disease
	Traumatic CD
	Metabolic diseases
Iatrogenic CD	Operation
	Infection

Notice: CD: cervical deformity.