Periodontal Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Meta-Analysis of 112,240 Participants
Table 1
Characteristics and quality assessment of the included studies.
First author, published year
Sample study period
Study design
Follow-up period
Age (yrs)
AMD patients/participants
PD ascertainment
AMD ascertainment
AMD/age status
Risk estimates (95% CI)
Klein, 2008
MESA; USA 2002-2004
Cross-sectional
2
45-85
265/5887
Detailed questionnaire
Ocular fundus photographs
Early Late All#
(0.98-1.79) 1.49 (0.63-3.50) 1.34 (1.01-1.78)
Karesvuo, 2013
NPHS; Finland 2000-2001
Cross-sectional
1
≥30
54/1751
Alveolar bone loss
Clinical diagnosis
—
(0.90-4.30)
Wagley, 2015
US NHAHES III; US 1988-1994
Cross-sectional
6
≥40
940/8208
>10% of sites with >3 mm of CAL
Ocular fundus photographs
All&
(1.22-3.14) 1.32 (0.93-1.90) 1.36 (0.98-1.90)
Shin, 2017
KNHANES; Korea 2008-2010 and 2012
Cross-sectional
2
≥40
732/13072
CP index scores 3 and 4
Ocular fundus photographs
All&
(0.90-1.63) 0.91 (0.74-1.12) 1.03 (0.86-1.22)
Sun, 2019
TNHIRD; China 2000-2012
Retrospective cohort
13
≥50
3014/83322
ICD-9-CM
ICD-9-CM
All&
(1.34-1.64) 1.76 (1.57-1.97) 1.58 (1.46-1.70)
MESA: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; NPHS: National Population Health Survey 2000; NHAHES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; KNHANES: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; TNHIRD: Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database; ICD: International Classification of Diseases. #All data was calculated by pooling early AMD and late AMD using a fixed-effects model for the final analysis; &all data was calculated by pooling different age status using a fixed-effects model for the final analysis.
