Biomechanical Consequences of Nail Insertion Point and Anterior Cortical Perforation for Antegrade Femoral Nailing

Figure 3

Biomechanical loading modes for axial, coronal, sagittal, and torsional tests. Only an intact (INT) specimen is shown, but the setups were the same for all test groups. Rosettes and associated wiring were only used during axial tests.