Prediction and Potential Preventions for the Development of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis after the Terrible Triad Injury: A Multicenter Risk Factors Study

Table 3

Multivariate analysis: risk factors for moderate or severe PTOA.

	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	value
Alcohol abuse	1.445	0.716-2.914	0.304
Occupation (heavy use)	2.333	1.060-5.136	0.035
Coronoid fracture
I	Reference	Reference	Reference
II	1.273	0.526-3.078	0.592
III	3.616	0.798-16.376	0.095
Radial head fracture
I/II	Reference	Reference	Reference
III	4.049	1.877-8.736	<0.001
MCL injury	5.120	1.261-20.790	0.022
Surgical approaches
Lateral	Reference	Reference	Reference
Posterior	0.599	0.162-2.221	0.443
Lateral with medial	0.319	0.070-1.460	0.141