The Effect of Different Treatment Regimens and Multiple Risk Factors on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Syphilis-Seropositive Women in Guangzhou: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Table 5
Odds of APOs among syphilis-seropositive pregnant women with high and low titers of TRUST.
Treatment regimen
At least one APO, (%)
Ectopic pregnancy
Spontaneous abortion
Stillbirth
Preterm/LBW
(%)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)#
(%)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)#
(%)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)#
(%)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)#
(%)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)#
()
WHO-recommended treatment
178 (27.1)
Reference
14 (2.1)
Reference
31 (4.7)
Reference
28 (4.3)
Reference
66 (11.3)
Reference
China-recommended treatment
285 (18.8)
0.61 (0.49-0.77)
0
—
10 (0.7)
0.13 (0.06, 0.26)
40 (2.6)
0.56 (0.33, 0.96)
127 (8.7)
0.78 (0.55, 1.11)
Alternatives to penicillin treatment
16 (20.5)
0.73 (0.39-1.37)
1 (1.3)
—
0
—
1 (1.3)
0.37 (0.05, 2.79)
9 (11.8)
1.16 (0.52, 2.58)
No treatment
159 (38.3)
1.82 (1.37-2.41)
30 (7.2)
3.91 (1.93, 7.94)
49 (11.8)
2.83 (1.72, 4.67)
20 (4.8)
1.29 (0.70, 2.39)
46 (14.6)
1.38 (0.89, 2.15)
()
WHO-recommended treatment
127 (52.9)
Reference
8 (3.3)
Reference
12 (5.0)
Reference
21 (8.8)
Reference
66 (33.2)
Reference
China-recommended treatment
71 (18.5)
0.21 (0.14-0.31)
0
—
0
—
5 (1.3)
0.15 (0.06, 0.43)
36 (9.5)
0.22 (0.14, 0.36)
Alternatives to penicillin treatment
8 (36.4)
0.48 (0.18-1.27)
0
—
0
—
1 (4.5)
0.61 (0.08, 4.92)
5 (23.8)
0.58 (0.18, 1.87)
No treatment
103 (62.4)
1.37 (0.89-2.12)
8 (4.8)
2.21 (0.70, 6.92)
39 (23.6)
6.36 (3.01, 13.47)
15 (9.1)
1.07 (0.51, 2.24)
30 (29.1)
0.72 (0.41, 1.28)
#Adjusted for age, marital status, education, history of syphilis infection, and current syphilis status of partner. APO: adverse pregnancy outcome; TRUST: toluidine red unheated serum test; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
