The Effect of Different Treatment Regimens and Multiple Risk Factors on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Syphilis-Seropositive Women in Guangzhou: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Table 6
Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics among syphilis-infected pregnant women receiving different treatment regimens (, %).
Characteristics
WHO-recommended treatment ()
China-recommended treatment ()
Alternatives to penicillin treatment ()
No treatment ()
value
value
Mother’s age in years ()
0.199
0.897
Marital status
Married
770 (85.8)
1695 (89.4)
77 (77.0)
476 (82.1)
31.344
<0.001
Unmarried
127 (14.2)
202 (10.6)
23 (23.0)
104 (17.9)
Ethnicity
Han
820 (91.4)
1790 (94.4)
98 (98.0)
542 (93.4)
12.127
0.007
Others
77 (8.6)
107 (5.6)
2 (2.0)
38 (6.6)
Educational attainment
Bachelor or above
63 (7.9)
288 (16.4)
9 (10.6)
53 (10.6)
83.644
<0.001
High school
224 (28.1)
496 (28.3)
27 (31.8)
125 (25.0)
Middle school
378 (47.4)
829 (47.3)
37 (43.5)
240 (47.9)
Primary school or below
132 (16.6)
140 (8.0)
12 (14.1)
83 (16.6)
Employed
Yes
227 (32.6)
571 (36.2)
23 (31.5)
152 (33.7)
3.541
0.315
No
470 (67.4)
1005 (63.8)
50 (68.5)
299 (66.3)
Migrant resident
No
214 (23.9)
686 (36.2)
27 (27.0)
157 (27.1)
49.722
<0.001
Yes
683 (76.1)
1211 (63.8)
73 (73.0)
423 (72.9)
Primipara
Yes
259 (28.9)
773 (40.7)
41 (41.0)
157 (27.1)
59.405
<0.001
No
638 (71.1)
1124 (59.3)
59 (59.0)
423 (72.9)
History of APOs
No
830 (92.5)
1740 (91.7)
96 (96.0)
536 (92.4)
2.766
0.429
Yes
67 (7.5)
157 (8.3)
4 (4.0)
44 (7.6)
History of syphilis infections
No
596 (66.4)
984 (51.9)
54 (54.0)
383 (66.0)
71.552
<0.001
Yes
301 (33.6)
913 (48.1)
46 (46.0)
197 (34.0)
Maternal syphilis stage
Latent
671 (74.8)
1583 (83.4)
73 (73.0)
402 (69.3)
81.943
<0.001
Stages I-III
48 (5.4)
99 (5.2)
7 (7.0)
30 (5.2)
Unknown
178 (19.8)
215 (11.3)
20 (20.0)
148 (25.5)
Current syphilis status (partner)
Negative
180 (20.1)
569 (30.0)
26 (26.0)
80 (13.8)
89.710
<0.001
Positive
57 (6.4)
146 (7.7)
8 (8.0)
30 (5.2)
Unknown
660 (73.6)
1182 (62.3)
66 (66.0)
470 (81.0)
Gestational week at syphilis diagnosis ()
153.194
<0.001
Gestational week at treatment initiation ()
—
417.511
<0.001
Log2 titers of TRUST before treatment ()
26.683
<0.001
APOs included spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and preterm birth. SD: standard deviation; TRUST: toluidine red unheated serum test.
